{"type":"rich","version":"1.0","provider_name":"Transistor","provider_url":"https://transistor.fm","author_name":"Hard Drugs","title":"Inventing the second malaria vaccine with Katharine Collins","html":"<iframe width=\"100%\" height=\"180\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" seamless src=\"https://share.transistor.fm/e/38c85765\"></iframe>","width":"100%","height":180,"duration":8108,"description":"Malaria is caused not by a virus or bacterium, but by a complex, shape-shifting parasite that has evolved alongside us for millennia. This has made vaccine development a brutal challenge.In this episode, Jacob and Saloni are joined by Katharine Collins, who co-invented the second malaria vaccine, called R21, during her PhD. They discuss the gruelling process of reverse-engineering a vaccine and eureka moments along the way. They ask whether the biggest barriers to new vaccines are scientific or financial, and what it will take to finally eradicate one of natureʼs most vicious killers.Hard Drugs is a podcast from Works in Progress about medical innovation presented by Saloni Dattani and Jacob Trefethen.Timestamps:00:00 Introduction05:08 Our favourite parasites10:12 How to invent a vaccine during your PhD34:18 Why is it called the R21 vaccine?37:32 Moving from the bench to billions of doses41:43 The vicious life cycle of malaria parasites46:15 Malaria research IN MICE53:03 The murderer in malaria research55:51 Would you volunteer to get infected by malaria?1:08:21 Why did the first malaria vaccine take so long?1:18:26 Could we have had the vaccine sooner?1:40:48 Vaccine versus vaccine: which one’s better?1:46:53 If we did this again today, could we make better vaccines?2:04:55 Conclusion and our reasons for pessimism and optimismYou can watch or listen on YouTube, Spotify, or Apple Podcasts.Saloni’s substack newsletter: https://www.scientificdiscovery.dev/Jacob’s blog: https://blog.jacobtrefethen.com/ Acknowledgements:Aria Babu, editor at Works in ProgressGraham Bessellieu, video editorAlice Edwards, captionsAbhishaike Mahajan, cover artAtalanta Arden-Miller, art directionDavid Hackett, composerWorks in ProgressThesisKatharine Collins (2014). R21, a novel particle based vaccine for a multi-component approach to malaria vaccination.BooksR. Killick-Kendrick (2012). Rodent Malaria.Michael Kremer and Rachel Glennerster (2004). Strong Medicine: Creating Incentives for...","thumbnail_url":"https://img.transistorcdn.com/bBbAA3-An3hw3uv_Sf647ZQV-IpESOooEROiyEp4Ytg/rs:fill:0:0:1/w:400/h:400/q:60/mb:500000/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWct/dXBsb2FkLXByb2R1/Y3Rpb24udHJhbnNp/c3Rvci5mbS81MzM2/YTc5NmRlZGI2Zjhi/YWM2ZDk4MzBhZjg4/YTRjMi5wbmc.webp","thumbnail_width":300,"thumbnail_height":300}