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Intro:
The following program is brought to you by the Tennessee
Broadband Association.

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Lead Tennessee Radio, conversations with the leaders moving our
state forward.

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We look at the issues shaping Tennessee's future: rural
development, public policy, broadband,

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health care and other topics impacting our communities.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Hello, I'm Carrie Huckeby, the executive director of the
Tennessee Broadband Association.

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In this episode of Lead Tennessee Radio, we're talking to Paige
Shapiro, Tennessee's federal program officer for

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BEAD, the Broadband Equity Access and Deployment Program and
Digital Equity.

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BEAD, as you may know, will provide over $42 billion to expand
high speed Internet access by funding

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the planning, the infrastructure deployment and adoption of
programs in all 50 states.

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The Digital Equity Act provides almost $3 billion to establish
some grant programs that will promote digital

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equity and inclusion.

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The aim here is really to ensure that all people and communities
have the skills, the technology and the capacity to reap the

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full benefits of our digital economy.

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Paige, in her role as the FPO, will serve as the main federal
point of contact for these programs here in our

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state, so she's got a big job ahead of her.

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So welcome, Paige.

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Paige Shapiro:
Thank you. I'm so excited to be here.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, before we jump in and talk about BEAD, start off by telling
us a little bit about your background and how you found

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yourself in this position with NTIA, the U.S.

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Department of Commerce.

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Paige Shapiro:
I'd love to.

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So I am a true Tennessean.

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I was born and raised in East Tennessee.

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I graduated from the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.

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Go Vols, and my first job out of college was in Nashville.

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So I've always been here trying to serve those in our state.

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I actually my first job out of college was working with Governor
Haslam and his administration in a two year

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fellowship program.

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I studied business in college, and I had a bit of a mid-life
crisis and decided that I would go see how

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I could help make government a better place and make Tennessee a
better place to live, work and raise a

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family. Through that fellowship program, I got placed in the
Department of Education and really found a

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passion there.

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I worked in early literacy for several years, where I
specialized in early literacy program design, implementation and

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adoption. I just happened to be looking for a new challenge when
I heard about this role, and I felt like my skill sets

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and my knowledge and just the great relationships I had already
across Tennessee would be really valuable in helping connect

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all of our citizens to high speed, reliable, affordable
Internet.

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And I just think this is such a great goal, so I interviewed
with NTIA.

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I am very lucky that they thought I would be a good fit, and
here I am today.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, we're glad to have you.

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You bring an extensive background in Nashville and, of course,
born and raised here in our great state of Tennessee.

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So that's a great thing, an advantage all on its own.

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I think you're a little young for a midlife crisis, though,
right?

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Paige Shapiro:
Maybe a little.

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I looked at changing my business degree, and it was just going
to cost way too much time and money.

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So I was like, okay, I will get my business degree and then go
work for a business-minded governor and see where that takes me.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, as things are ramping up for BEAD, you know, I know there's
a lot of details that are still being worked through and federal

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program officers are being assigned.

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Tell us what the responsibilities are of a federal program
officer.

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Paige Shapiro:
Yes. So this is what I think is a really exciting job.

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First and foremost, I'm here and all of the federal program
officers are here to partner with state broadband

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offices to be a resource and a means of communication to relay
important information to and from NTIA.

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So that's really the most glaring thing on my job description.

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But we are also here to be a spokesperson and an advocate for
our NTIA programs and more importantly, the

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stakeholder communities that surround them.

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So we absolutely know that building relationships with
stakeholders is the only way we can successfully deploy this

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program. So it is a huge responsibility of mine and partnership
with the Department of Economic and Community

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Development to listen and ensure that what our citizens say is
correctly reflected

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in our state's final plans and proposals.

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And then there's some grant administration things: helping
ensure plans are ready, being a trusted

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expert, especially by your members, and then knowing about how
other Internet related programs

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coincide with ours as well.

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Carrie Huckeby:
And I don't remember before if an NTIA employee actually worked
in the state of Tennessee.

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Is this the first time there's been an official role in
Tennessee for NTIA?

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Paige Shapiro:
Yes. We laugh.

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We compare ourselves to a startup quite a bit because before the
BEAD program and the Digital Equity

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Programs came to be, NTIA was a very small team.

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And so now they are hiring, I think, they've tripled or
quadrupled the size of the NTIA team.

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So first time that NTIA has had a Tennessean in Tennessee
working with their programs.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Which makes those conversations you're having with everyone and
that educational piece of what you do and all that, just that

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much more important.

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Paige Shapiro:
Absolutely.

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Carrie Huckeby:
And I said that there's an FPO assigned to each state, but that
was an assumption on my part.

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Is there any state or any reason a state would not get an FPO?

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Paige Shapiro:
Yeah. So generally speaking, most states will or have already
been assigned their own

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FPO. We're in the final stretch of hiring.

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That said, depending on some states size and their proximity,
they may be covered one FPO for

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two states. But I'm lucky that I get to focus on serving us
right here in Tennessee.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, we appreciate that, having your full attention.

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Paige Shapiro:
Yes, absolutely.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, you recently attended and participated on a panel at 
KTA/TNBA Fall Conference in Bowling Green.

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And we really appreciated you coming and doing that.

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And I know you've been meeting with some of our other member
companies and having those visits.

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So how are those conversations helping you prepare for what's
coming with the BEAD program, or what are you taking away from

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those visits?

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Paige Shapiro:
Thank you for having me at the conference.

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It was such a fun time and very informative for me as well.

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And there are so many takeaways that I've had from the visits
that I've had so far, and I'm looking forward to the ones that

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I'm currently in the process of scheduling.

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But probably my largest takeaway so far is that Tennessee has
been doing such incredible work

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to connect our communities to high speed, reliable and
affordable Internet for years.

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And the collaboration among industry partners is just so very
strong.

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And that's particularly exciting for both me and Tennessee,
because I just so clearly

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see that we are a state that is poised to be successful and
deploying these programs and connecting everyone

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because there is just such a desire, a deep seated desire and
willingness to do so.

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So that's probably my, you know, my three biggest takeaways.

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My fourth would probably be I learned that splicing fiber is an
incredibly technical skill,

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and we should all be very thankful that that is not my part of
this program, because I

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would not be good at it.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Oh, I bet you would.

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Paige Shapiro:
I was just so impressed.

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Carrie Huckeby:
It is. It's a very technical job.

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So, you know, those folks spend a lot of time in those fiber
trailers day in and day out.

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And also down in, you know, the holes and doing that in all kinds
of situations.

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So great respect, like you, for those people that do that.

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Paige Shapiro:
Yes, I am.

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I am in awe of what they do.

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And the more that I learn, the more that I'm just so impressed
with the knowledge and commitment in this industry.

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Carrie Huckeby:
And I'm happy, very happy to hear you say that, because as the
director of the association, I know our members work really hard

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and, you know, strategically planning and all the things that it
takes to connect Tennessee.

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And they've been doing it a long time and still want to continue
that effort until every Tennesseean is connecting.

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And so I'm glad that comes across in those conversations that
you have with them.

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Paige Shapiro:
Oh, absolutely.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, the possibilities and the opportunity of receiving BEAD
funding, you know, of course, is exciting to our members, and

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certainly for those residents and businesses that don't have
broadband access today or don't have a reliable connection

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today, in Tennessee and the other 49 states.

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With all this funding being made available down the road, what
challenges do you think NTIA will have in

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administering the funds?

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What's going to be their greatest challenge with that?

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Paige Shapiro:
That's a great question.

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I would say that probably the largest challenge that we have is
that this is just such a tall order.

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Connecting everyone in America to quality Internet services has
obviously never been accomplished, and if it were easy, it

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would have already been finished.

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So, you know, I think that just the fact that the scope of this
project is going to be a little

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bit difficult.

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I also think we're asking states and their partners to dig deep,
sometimes literally digging deep to make this

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happen. And we're just going to have to be nimble to address the
unforeseen challenges that we don't know are coming in a way that

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we probably haven't been used to, especially as government,
while still ensuring that we're taking all of the right

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steps along the way to do this, the right way to make it last.

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So I think those are those are probably the biggest challenges.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, like any big project, you don't know what you're going to
have a problem with until it starts, and you're in the middle of

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it. So, you know, then it'll become finding a solution that
works for everyone and finding a quick solution, I guess.

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Paige Shapiro:
Right.

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Carrie Huckeby:
From the broadband provider's perspective, what challenges do you
think they will see applying for the funding, and how will NTIA

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assist them with that application process?

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How will they help in moving it along?

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Paige Shapiro:
Yes, So I do want to point out just for your listeners that it is
really important to remember that Tennessee

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has to develop a comprehensive local coordination approach that
will begin in the development of all the

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way from the Five-Year Action Plan, which is that strategic plan
that we talked about at the conference that we'll do first and

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can continue all the way through awarding and implementation.

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And so our Internet service providers really need to be sure
that they're a part of that process to help limit the challenges

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that they may face.

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Because no one knows the challenges that are going to come up in
this process better than those that have been doing it, and

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especially in your organization when they have been doing it for
such a long time.

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So please be involved so we can help avoid as many as possible.

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And then we also need you all at the table to advocate for
actions that will facilitate faster

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broadband deployment, cheaper broadband deployment, and just
more easily accessible broadband to those that are unserved and

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underserved. So just wanted to highlight that.

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That didn't answer your question.

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So I will answer your question in the way that one of the
largest concerns that we've heard so far is

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just about workforce availability when the grants are awarded.

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You may know, and if you haven't seen it yet, our technical
assistance team has already begun providing some great resources,

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including a Workforce Planning Guide that are available for
that.

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They're on the Internet For All web page.

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And a really exciting thing about this particular challenge is
now is the time for our providers to assess their workforce needs

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and work with us to make sure that the right training and
resources are available and in place to help mitigate this risk

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later on. We are so excited that this is a huge job creation
opportunity for Tennessee and that we have time to plan.

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So we know that that challenge is coming, and we're going to
work with all of you all to help mitigate that along the way.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, that workforce conversation happens in every meeting and
every conference and almost every

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face-to-face conversation right now because there is such a
shortage.

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And also, you know, our challenge is getting out there to
educate the high schools or the technical

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schools and talk about the jobs that are available in our
industry.

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And I know I have one vendor that has been looking for AutoCAD
employees, and it's just difficult to find them.

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So that's definitely a challenge.

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So I'm glad that we will be able to work with your group and
your organization to try to solve that.

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Paige Shapiro:
Well, and I think that what is so exciting about the BEAD and DE
program specifically, is we do have a

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large opportunity to make these high quality and desirable jobs,
but it is just making sure that we

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go and talk to members like you all and bring high school and
career and

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technical education and our TCATs and just bringing everyone to
the table to really help highlight this future need.

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Not that you all haven't been doing that, but now that we know
there's money coming, how can we help streamline all of those

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incredible efforts that are going on already?

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Carrie Huckeby:
Right. Right. Funding certainly helps push things through.

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Paige Shapiro:
It does.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Yeah. And get things going faster.

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The TNBA member companies have had a good working relationship
with our state broadband director, Taylre Beaty, over at the

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Tennessee ECD.

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And you mentioned earlier about your role would be working with
that office.

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So how do you see your job or your role and others in the same
job working with each state's broadband director

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? How does that look?

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Paige Shapiro:
We'll continue to be a resource and a means of communication with
Taylre and the Broadband Office.

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From, again, that five year action plan, which is step one all
the way through implementation, we will

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have traditional grants management roles when it comes to
working with Taylre and her team.

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So that will just be making sure that the plans are prepped,
that all of the I's are dotted and the T's are crossed in

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terms of getting those plans approved through NTIA.

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And then we'll also be working with then, and again, I already
mentioned this, but just really making sure that that stakeholder

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engagement piece is woven throughout the process.

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So in the beginning it might be listening sessions, but as we
get through to post award, it might look like visiting

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construction sites and talking with providers to find out what's
going well and what challenges there are.

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And so it'll really just be that constant communication because
Taylre is going to hear things from

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stakeholders that I won't and vice versa.

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So it's really just making sure that there are two people
devoted to – two people and then everyone else – but two people

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that are waking up every day and thinking about it, that this is
going smoothly for everyone from providers to

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community members.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Well, we will look forward to working with you and Taylre both.

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It sounds like you'll be a very strong team working together on
this program.

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So it's, you know, that's only advantage, another advantage for
here in our home state of Tennessee.

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So look forward to that.

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We're going to switch gears just a little bit.

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We've been talking about the money, you know, the BEAD funding
and infrastructure.

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But let's talk a little bit about that digital equity, because
that's a big part too.

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Getting the Tennesseans, not only the access, but also educating
them to learn how to take advantage of it

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and what the benefits of it are.

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So what are some of the things that NTIA is evaluating to ensure
that Tennesseans can connect to broadband service

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after it's built?

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Paige Shapiro:
So just want to reiterate that the digital equity piece of this
program is so incredibly important.

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We have a saying, and it stuck with me, so I want to share it
with everyone.

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That "BEAD without Equity is just BAD."

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Carrie Huckeby:
Oh, I like that.

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Paige Shapiro:
Right. Easy. It's catchy to remember.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Yes.

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Paige Shapiro:
So even though NTIA has two separate programs for BEAD, and DE, 
we really don't see them as separate.

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We do have a guide.

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It's the Five-Year Action Plan and Digital Equity Guide on our
again, Internet for All web page that can really

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help our service providers understand the overlap of the two
plans.

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So if they are interested in learning more, I would point them
to that resource.

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I believe one of the best things about NTIA and its approach to
the digital equity piece and BEAD for that

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matter, is that the understanding and acknowledgment that states
have different issues and challenges

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. And that they really want states to do what's best.

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They do not have a one-size fits all approach.

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You know, NTIA has asked all states to ensure that they actively
seek input and engagement from

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eight covered populations.

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And these covered populations are essentially groups and
communities that historically have been disproportionately

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impacted by digital inequity.

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So this includes groups like our veterans, our people with
disabilities, racial and ethnic minorities,

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those that live in rural areas.

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I just listed four. You can go look at all of them in our Notice
of Public Funding if you're interested.

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But NTIA wants us to go to these eight groups.

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And then they're asking states to complete a framework that
essentially reflects the feedback, the

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challenges and the solutions proposed from these people that
they're hearing from, from these covered

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populations to ensure that when everything is said and done and
access is built out

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everywhere, that people are connected.

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A really short way to say what I just said is that Tennesseans
ultimately will be the key stakeholders

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who will evaluate what we need to measure to ensure digital
inclusion.

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And then we'll create the measures of success to know that we've
done a good job.

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So NTIA is saying, Hey, here are these eight groups that you
need to make sure that you talk to.

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It doesn't just have to be these eight groups, but it definitely
needs to include these eight groups.

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And then from there, the information is flowing from everyone
that we talk to.

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Carrie Huckeby:
I think that's definitely a positive that NTIA is going into it
where, as you said, one size does not fit all

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.

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Paige Shapiro:
Right.

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Carrie Huckeby:
And we talk about the landscapes of 50 states that you can always
find something beautiful in every state to

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see. So the same thing can be said about every state has its
challenges,

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it successes and what's working and what needs to be worked on.

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So I think it's a really positive way to look at this program
and say, tell us what you need versus us telling you what we

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think you need.

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Paige Shapiro:
Exactly.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Is there anything else, Paige, that we haven't talked about that
you would like to add as we wrap up?

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Paige Shapiro:
Yeah, the only thing that I will add is that we've been told time
and time again that this truly is a once in a

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lifetime opportunity.

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And so I would just encourage everyone to get involved because
what we are doing matters, and

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it's important for the health and wellbeing of Tennessee long
term.

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And so please, just if you want to find out how you can get more
involved, reach out.

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I would be more than happy to help point you in the right
direction or be a resource for you.

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We are definitely partners in this, and I'm really looking
forward to working with all of you.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Is there an email or a website that you would like to direct
people to to get information from you?

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Paige Shapiro:
Yes. My email is pshapiro@ntia.gov.

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Again, that's pshapiro@ntia.gov.

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If you are listening in your car, just email Carrie.

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She'll send it to you.

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Carrie Huckeby:
That's exactly right.

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Paige Shapiro:
And if you are interested in any of the resources that I talked
about, you can just Google "Internet

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For All," and it'll pop right up.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Yes, that's a great website.

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I went to it other day, and it's got a lot of good information
on there.

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Paige Shapiro:
Great.

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Carrie Huckeby:
Yeah. Well, thank you, Paige.

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I appreciate you taking some time out of your schedule to talk
to me today.

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Paige Shapiro:
Happy to do it.

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And I would be happy to come back any time.

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Carrie Huckeby:
My guest has been Paige Shapiro, Tennessee's federal program
officer with the US Department of Commerce, NTIA.

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You've been listening to Lead Tennessee Radio, produced by 
Tennessee Broadband Association.

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Cooperative and independent companies connecting our state's
rural communities and beyond with world class broadband.