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If you need more accurate transcripts of an episode for ADA purposes, please contact Anthony Hanson - hans4022@umn.edu. 1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,540 I'm Ryan Miller, Crops Extension Educator. 2 00:00:02,540 --> 00:00:04,660 Earlier this morning, we recorded an episode 3 00:00:04,660 --> 00:00:07,220 of the Strategic Farming Field Notes program. 4 00:00:07,220 --> 00:00:09,139 Strategic Farming Field Notes is 5 00:00:09,139 --> 00:00:10,600 a weekly program addressing 6 00:00:10,600 --> 00:00:12,379 current crop production topics. 7 00:00:12,379 --> 00:00:14,319 A live webinar is hosted at 08:00 8 00:00:14,319 --> 00:00:16,820 A.M. on Wednesdays throughout the cropping season. 9 00:00:16,820 --> 00:00:18,960 During the live webinar, participants can 10 00:00:18,960 --> 00:00:21,459 join in the discussion and get questions answered. 11 00:00:21,459 --> 00:00:23,679 An audio recording of the live program is 12 00:00:23,679 --> 00:00:26,820 released following the webinar via podcast platforms. 13 00:00:26,820 --> 00:00:29,559 Thanks and remember to tune in weekly for discussion 14 00:00:29,559 --> 00:00:32,999 on current cropping and crop management topics. 15 00:00:32,999 --> 00:00:35,859 All right. Good morning and welcome everybody. 16 00:00:35,859 --> 00:00:37,279 I'd like to welcome you today to 17 00:00:37,279 --> 00:00:40,190 our Strategic Farming Field Notes session. 18 00:00:40,190 --> 00:00:41,989 These sessions are brought to you by 19 00:00:41,989 --> 00:00:45,310 University of Minnesota Extension and also support 20 00:00:45,310 --> 00:00:47,830 from the Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council 21 00:00:47,830 --> 00:00:50,610 and the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council. 22 00:00:50,610 --> 00:00:53,270 We'd like to welcome you today to our session 23 00:00:53,270 --> 00:00:56,190 on corn worm getting your corn down. 24 00:00:56,190 --> 00:00:59,249 I'm list I'm a regional extension educator 25 00:00:59,249 --> 00:00:59,989 and crops out of 26 00:00:59,989 --> 00:01:01,570 the Worthington Regional Extension Office. 27 00:01:01,570 --> 00:01:03,010 I'll be moderating today. 28 00:01:03,010 --> 00:01:04,430 We welcome Bruce Potter. 29 00:01:04,430 --> 00:01:05,890 He's our IPM Specialist out of 30 00:01:05,890 --> 00:01:08,589 the Southwest Research and Outreach Center by Lambert, 31 00:01:08,589 --> 00:01:10,089 and also Dr. Fay, 32 00:01:10,089 --> 00:01:12,649 he's our new extension corn entomologist. 33 00:01:12,649 --> 00:01:15,209 We're happy to have him on board as well too, 34 00:01:15,209 --> 00:01:18,715 and learn more about what he's doing and seeing as well. 35 00:01:18,715 --> 00:01:21,560 Anyway, with that, we'll just jump right in. 36 00:01:21,560 --> 00:01:24,700 We did get some questions earlier on with 37 00:01:24,700 --> 00:01:29,299 the registration that do relate to our topic today. 38 00:01:29,299 --> 00:01:31,320 Again, we're going to focus on corn worm, 39 00:01:31,320 --> 00:01:33,600 but we'll hit other pests if we have some time. 40 00:01:33,600 --> 00:01:35,740 But basically just take 41 00:01:35,740 --> 00:01:38,779 a step back before we dive really into the details. 42 00:01:38,779 --> 00:01:40,660 Could you just explain, maybe 43 00:01:40,660 --> 00:01:42,719 we'll start with Bruce here just talking 44 00:01:42,719 --> 00:01:43,799 about what's 45 00:01:43,799 --> 00:01:47,479 the corn worms life cycle through the stages, 46 00:01:47,479 --> 00:01:49,200 what are things that we got to worry about, 47 00:01:49,200 --> 00:01:52,340 When can we actually control these pests and so forth. 48 00:01:52,340 --> 00:01:53,440 But again, just give us 49 00:01:53,440 --> 00:01:55,959 a little basics so we're all on the same page here. 50 00:01:55,959 --> 00:01:58,940 Well, sure to start with, 51 00:01:58,940 --> 00:02:01,399 at this time of year, basically, 52 00:02:01,399 --> 00:02:04,979 for the most part all your rootworm management is get 53 00:02:04,979 --> 00:02:09,240 directed towards the following corn crops. 54 00:02:09,280 --> 00:02:13,080 Right now the beetles are mating, are laying eggs. 55 00:02:13,080 --> 00:02:16,760 Rather those eggs will diapause, 56 00:02:16,760 --> 00:02:19,560 they have to rest over the winter. 57 00:02:19,560 --> 00:02:22,479 They'll hatch in the spring. The larvae hatch 58 00:02:22,479 --> 00:02:24,640 usually the beginning of June, 59 00:02:24,640 --> 00:02:27,180 1 week of June or so in this part of the world. 60 00:02:27,180 --> 00:02:28,900 They'll feed for a few weeks, 61 00:02:28,900 --> 00:02:30,420 they'll pupate and then the beetles 62 00:02:30,420 --> 00:02:32,184 will start coming out in, 63 00:02:32,184 --> 00:02:34,910 in mid to late July. 64 00:02:34,910 --> 00:02:37,690 Beetle emergence is still happening, 65 00:02:37,690 --> 00:02:41,409 so it's not like all the Beatles eggs 66 00:02:41,409 --> 00:02:42,569 hatch at the same time and 67 00:02:42,569 --> 00:02:44,289 beetles emerge at the same time. 68 00:02:44,289 --> 00:02:47,970 It's a long extended period that ties into scouting. 69 00:02:47,970 --> 00:02:50,289 And the other thing that varies between, 70 00:02:50,289 --> 00:02:53,050 we've got two species we're dealing with in Minnesota, 71 00:02:53,050 --> 00:02:56,109 Northern corn rootworm and Western Cort worm. 72 00:02:56,109 --> 00:02:59,709 The difference between the two species is that 73 00:02:59,709 --> 00:03:01,309 northern corn rootworm have 74 00:03:01,309 --> 00:03:04,269 evolved a way to get around a crop rotation. 75 00:03:04,269 --> 00:03:06,129 And they simply do that by 76 00:03:06,129 --> 00:03:08,710 delaying part of that population, 77 00:03:08,710 --> 00:03:11,910 delaying egg hatch or another winter, 78 00:03:11,910 --> 00:03:15,969 sometimes 34 winners. 79 00:03:15,969 --> 00:03:18,450 And that'll put them back into either you get 80 00:03:18,450 --> 00:03:21,890 around environmental stress that way or you 81 00:03:21,890 --> 00:03:26,289 can get around pretty short corn soy bean rotation 82 00:03:26,289 --> 00:03:28,489 with that egg catch strategy. 83 00:03:28,489 --> 00:03:30,749 Okay, good. Yeah, thanks for that. 84 00:03:30,749 --> 00:03:32,430 And then of course, people 85 00:03:32,430 --> 00:03:36,850 wonder what are key ways to control corn rote worm. 86 00:03:36,850 --> 00:03:38,689 And I don't know if you want to take that, 87 00:03:38,689 --> 00:03:40,190 maybe just think about what are 88 00:03:40,190 --> 00:03:41,830 some traditional methods people 89 00:03:41,830 --> 00:03:43,749 use to control or what have we been doing. 90 00:03:43,749 --> 00:03:47,310 But where are we seeing the holes with this as well? 91 00:03:47,310 --> 00:03:49,889 Yeah, I think right now, 92 00:03:49,889 --> 00:03:54,890 strategy used for management of cong worm, 93 00:03:54,890 --> 00:03:58,369 it depends on I think the first one, 94 00:03:58,369 --> 00:03:59,870 like you can use crop rotation, 95 00:03:59,870 --> 00:04:01,250 that's the best strategy and 96 00:04:01,250 --> 00:04:03,269 the cheapest strategy to manage con, 97 00:04:03,269 --> 00:04:05,530 rootworm like a con, solving rotation. 98 00:04:05,530 --> 00:04:09,809 And the second you can use likes liquid granular. 99 00:04:09,809 --> 00:04:11,770 I think in low project 100 00:04:11,770 --> 00:04:14,410 probably liquid insects can works a little bit better. 101 00:04:14,410 --> 00:04:17,814 But then in high project granular insects will be better. 102 00:04:17,814 --> 00:04:22,619 Another important way to manage traits. 103 00:04:23,060 --> 00:04:25,800 Now most of the Western and northern 104 00:04:25,800 --> 00:04:27,680 cong worm have developed 105 00:04:27,680 --> 00:04:28,840 resistance to some of 106 00:04:28,840 --> 00:04:31,599 the BT traits. That's a major concern. 107 00:04:31,599 --> 00:04:33,139 I think the industry is developing 108 00:04:33,139 --> 00:04:35,999 some new BT traits in the near future. 109 00:04:35,999 --> 00:04:39,020 Should have allowed. Bruce, do 110 00:04:39,020 --> 00:04:41,100 you have anything to add on? 111 00:04:42,180 --> 00:04:45,740 The good news is that it's not good news, 112 00:04:45,740 --> 00:04:50,299 but western corn rootworm rootworm trade 113 00:04:50,299 --> 00:04:52,640 started in about 2005. 114 00:04:52,640 --> 00:04:55,019 By 2009, we started to see 115 00:04:55,019 --> 00:04:59,179 resistant western corn root worms in southern Minnesota. 116 00:04:59,660 --> 00:05:04,259 That's pretty short duration 117 00:05:04,259 --> 00:05:07,219 for that trait to be completely effective. 118 00:05:07,540 --> 00:05:11,680 I think it speaks to that. 119 00:05:11,680 --> 00:05:16,579 Those worm population genetics are really pretty diverse. 120 00:05:16,579 --> 00:05:19,440 They've got a lot of ways to get around resistance. 121 00:05:19,440 --> 00:05:23,340 I talked about the Northern and crop rotation resistance, 122 00:05:23,340 --> 00:05:28,119 Westerns and BT resistance in Nebraska. 123 00:05:28,119 --> 00:05:30,700 They've got some per thid resistant beetles 124 00:05:30,700 --> 00:05:32,800 now, rot worms. 125 00:05:32,800 --> 00:05:38,270 Now I think the good news is out of this whole thing 126 00:05:38,270 --> 00:05:40,949 is that for the most part we're getting reports 127 00:05:40,949 --> 00:05:44,169 of extended diapause or northern corn rootworm pressure. 128 00:05:44,169 --> 00:05:47,189 For the most part, the BT's seem to be working, 129 00:05:47,189 --> 00:05:52,609 but there has been resistance documented in North Dakota. 130 00:05:52,609 --> 00:05:55,809 We've had seen some resistant populations in Minnesota. 131 00:05:55,809 --> 00:05:58,029 And I think that's what we're really 132 00:05:58,029 --> 00:05:59,630 trying to keep our eye on right now 133 00:05:59,630 --> 00:06:03,349 is our northern getting 134 00:06:03,349 --> 00:06:07,170 around the BT's as well as the Westerns. 135 00:06:07,170 --> 00:06:10,970 Yeah, that's okay. Go ahead. 136 00:06:10,970 --> 00:06:12,630 Okay. Yeah, have something to 137 00:06:12,630 --> 00:06:20,150 add low populations for Condor think 138 00:06:20,150 --> 00:06:22,850 it's if it's not necessary to use 139 00:06:22,850 --> 00:06:25,590 BT traits just avoid in this way 140 00:06:25,590 --> 00:06:28,490 we can help delay reducts 141 00:06:28,490 --> 00:06:32,309 and protect the technology for the future. 142 00:06:32,710 --> 00:06:35,390 That brings up a question too. 143 00:06:35,390 --> 00:06:37,969 It's like why do we see these shifting? 144 00:06:37,969 --> 00:06:40,510 Do you think with western corners, 145 00:06:40,510 --> 00:06:42,010 it seems like for a while that 146 00:06:42,010 --> 00:06:43,929 those populations were a lot higher, 147 00:06:43,929 --> 00:06:45,189 but now you're saying we're seeing 148 00:06:45,189 --> 00:06:46,844 more extended diapause, 149 00:06:46,844 --> 00:06:49,719 typically is with the northern corn rootworm. 150 00:06:49,719 --> 00:06:53,780 Right. What's driving these shifts in what 151 00:06:53,780 --> 00:06:55,480 we're seeing out in the field like it 152 00:06:55,480 --> 00:06:57,939 seems are the populations the northern corn rootworm, 153 00:06:57,939 --> 00:07:01,900 are they going up now relating to these issues more? 154 00:07:01,900 --> 00:07:04,119 No, I think that's exactly right. 155 00:07:04,119 --> 00:07:07,340 The extended diapause trait has always been there. 156 00:07:07,340 --> 00:07:09,800 But when those northern populations 157 00:07:09,800 --> 00:07:12,280 are low, you don't notice it. 158 00:07:12,280 --> 00:07:15,879 When the northern populations are higher, 159 00:07:15,879 --> 00:07:18,879 it's not the whole population that has the trait. 160 00:07:18,879 --> 00:07:22,059 At least I don't know of any cases where that's true. 161 00:07:22,059 --> 00:07:24,360 Maybe as high as 50% or 162 00:07:24,360 --> 00:07:28,459 around 50% will display the extended diapause trait. 163 00:07:28,459 --> 00:07:33,800 But if you don't have the Northern populations out there, 164 00:07:33,800 --> 00:07:35,840 you won't see the extended diapause. 165 00:07:35,840 --> 00:07:37,900 Now as these Northern have 166 00:07:37,900 --> 00:07:40,799 been increasing over the last few years, 167 00:07:40,799 --> 00:07:43,219 we're starting to see the extended diapause pop 168 00:07:43,219 --> 00:07:46,439 up and we're seeing it pop up in new areas. 169 00:07:46,439 --> 00:07:50,420 But as far as the BT resistance, insecticide resistance, 170 00:07:50,420 --> 00:07:53,640 those things, the root worms 171 00:07:53,640 --> 00:07:56,280 are basically responding to what we're doing to them. 172 00:07:56,280 --> 00:07:59,319 They're adapting to our management strategies. 173 00:07:59,319 --> 00:08:05,499 That's why we need to use a lot of tools and be flexible. 174 00:08:05,499 --> 00:08:08,880 Like Fay mentioned, if 175 00:08:08,880 --> 00:08:11,489 you don't have a problem, leave it alone. 176 00:08:11,489 --> 00:08:14,519 Well, that's a good point because again, 177 00:08:14,519 --> 00:08:16,539 I know a lot of people haven't just 178 00:08:16,539 --> 00:08:18,879 planting BT hybrids, for example, 179 00:08:18,879 --> 00:08:20,260 to manage corn rootworm, 180 00:08:20,260 --> 00:08:23,999 but then some people have been layering insecticides. 181 00:08:23,999 --> 00:08:28,240 Are we still seeing lodging in these fields? 182 00:08:28,240 --> 00:08:29,360 Is that what you're saying? 183 00:08:29,360 --> 00:08:32,879 We're seeing some of that pop up as well and should be 184 00:08:32,879 --> 00:08:37,679 using an insecticide planting when we plant a BT hybrid. 185 00:08:37,679 --> 00:08:39,559 No matter what to manage this, 186 00:08:39,559 --> 00:08:42,060 I don't know who wants to tackle that question first. 187 00:08:42,060 --> 00:08:43,960 But again, management is always the key question 188 00:08:43,960 --> 00:08:46,919 of what we can do to manage this pest. 189 00:08:49,560 --> 00:08:52,720 I'll try to tackle it first. 190 00:08:52,720 --> 00:08:55,980 You can chime in at the end here. 191 00:08:55,980 --> 00:09:02,980 But the problems for both northerns and westerns, 192 00:09:02,980 --> 00:09:05,339 I think those populations tend to 193 00:09:05,339 --> 00:09:09,319 increase in continuous corn extended diapause. 194 00:09:09,319 --> 00:09:11,839 Northerns are not westerns. 195 00:09:11,839 --> 00:09:16,979 We don't have the root worms 196 00:09:16,979 --> 00:09:18,939 they do in the eastern corn belt that have 197 00:09:18,939 --> 00:09:21,060 lost their affinity to lay eggs and corn. 198 00:09:21,060 --> 00:09:22,599 So they'll lay eggs and soybeans 199 00:09:22,599 --> 00:09:24,819 and they get around to rotation that way. 200 00:09:24,819 --> 00:09:28,140 As far as rotation resistant root worms in Minnesota, 201 00:09:28,140 --> 00:09:30,880 as far as we know, it's only the Northern. 202 00:09:31,280 --> 00:09:35,400 But those continuous corn fields 203 00:09:35,400 --> 00:09:37,879 are ideal environments for both species. 204 00:09:37,879 --> 00:09:40,400 The populations build up 205 00:09:41,200 --> 00:09:44,759 resistance develops in those fields as well. 206 00:09:44,759 --> 00:09:46,940 We do have some of 207 00:09:46,940 --> 00:09:49,100 these really high western corn rootworm 208 00:09:49,100 --> 00:09:52,059 population fields that have 209 00:09:52,059 --> 00:09:55,359 adapted to BT or resistant to BT. 210 00:09:55,940 --> 00:10:01,100 You do need a insecticide to help keep things going. 211 00:10:01,740 --> 00:10:04,420 Some of these fields are bad enough 212 00:10:04,420 --> 00:10:06,300 that really the smart thing to 213 00:10:06,300 --> 00:10:08,619 do is to rotate out of corn for a year. 214 00:10:08,619 --> 00:10:10,579 It gets a little trickier with 215 00:10:10,579 --> 00:10:12,479 the Northern and extended diapause. 216 00:10:12,479 --> 00:10:14,439 You've got to be aware of what's going on, 217 00:10:14,439 --> 00:10:17,319 but definitely rotating out 218 00:10:17,319 --> 00:10:18,739 of corn for a year is going to knock 219 00:10:18,739 --> 00:10:24,040 those Westerns back and reset the clock in those fields. 220 00:10:24,040 --> 00:10:27,280 Yeah, that's correct. According to some studies, 221 00:10:27,280 --> 00:10:30,280 like if you do planting continuous in the field, 222 00:10:30,280 --> 00:10:31,699 if you have two species, 223 00:10:31,699 --> 00:10:35,579 Western and Northern Rum location, 224 00:10:35,579 --> 00:10:38,220 normally Western rum dominate. 225 00:10:38,220 --> 00:10:40,480 Be the dominant species and they will 226 00:10:40,480 --> 00:10:44,360 replace and has some competitive biology. 227 00:10:44,360 --> 00:10:47,520 The Northern um feel, 228 00:10:47,520 --> 00:10:50,240 Western um should be the dominant species. 229 00:10:50,240 --> 00:10:52,120 And if you use car rotation, 230 00:10:52,120 --> 00:10:53,939 you can kill them 231 00:10:53,939 --> 00:10:56,239 almost one year and the next year you 232 00:10:56,239 --> 00:10:59,140 get back to con, that will be better. 233 00:10:59,620 --> 00:11:02,360 If a person has been doing 234 00:11:02,360 --> 00:11:06,200 continuous corn or even there haven't been rotated corn, 235 00:11:06,200 --> 00:11:08,239 how would they get a feel for 236 00:11:08,239 --> 00:11:10,539 their populations right now out in the field? 237 00:11:10,539 --> 00:11:12,360 What would you recommend that people 238 00:11:12,360 --> 00:11:14,859 do to see if they're having an issue out there? 239 00:11:14,859 --> 00:11:16,600 Obviously, scouting, but Okay. 240 00:11:16,600 --> 00:11:18,640 What would that scouting entail? 241 00:11:18,640 --> 00:11:21,739 That you would recommend to be checking, 242 00:11:21,739 --> 00:11:24,239 see if they have an issue or not. 243 00:11:24,480 --> 00:11:27,059 You're definitely going to have to be in 244 00:11:27,059 --> 00:11:29,239 the field to know if you've got a problem or not. 245 00:11:29,239 --> 00:11:30,799 And you're going to definitely have to 246 00:11:30,799 --> 00:11:33,320 get into the field, not just on the edge, 247 00:11:33,320 --> 00:11:36,699 if you're just scouting the edge of a corn field, 248 00:11:36,699 --> 00:11:38,719 that's where beetles move in and out and 249 00:11:38,719 --> 00:11:41,439 those populations tend to be a lot higher there. 250 00:11:41,439 --> 00:11:43,960 They might be high on the first few rows, 251 00:11:43,960 --> 00:11:45,819 and once you get inside the fields, 252 00:11:45,819 --> 00:11:47,280 populations may be low. 253 00:11:47,280 --> 00:11:48,879 Scout the field thoroughly. 254 00:11:48,879 --> 00:11:51,099 There's two ways, basically you can do it. 255 00:11:51,099 --> 00:11:54,699 One is to go into the field and do whole plant counts. 256 00:11:54,699 --> 00:11:58,200 Walk through the field, you look at two plants, 257 00:11:58,200 --> 00:11:59,799 you check for beetles in there. 258 00:11:59,799 --> 00:12:03,259 Check around the ears and then pull the silk spec. 259 00:12:03,259 --> 00:12:05,319 There's a link in 260 00:12:05,319 --> 00:12:09,879 the chat for some information on scouting. 261 00:12:12,880 --> 00:12:17,340 The whole concept is to scout the field thoroughly. 262 00:12:17,340 --> 00:12:19,180 You don't have to waste a lot of 263 00:12:19,180 --> 00:12:20,860 time and whether you're doing 264 00:12:20,860 --> 00:12:22,419 the whole plants counts or you're 265 00:12:22,419 --> 00:12:24,619 hanging sticky traps out in the field. 266 00:12:24,619 --> 00:12:26,779 It's getting the field covered and 267 00:12:26,779 --> 00:12:29,679 scouting long enough in the season, 268 00:12:29,679 --> 00:12:31,859 But if you walk into a field and 269 00:12:31,859 --> 00:12:33,840 you've got Beatles all over the place, 270 00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:36,699 you really don't have to spend a lot more time there. 271 00:12:36,699 --> 00:12:38,379 You know, you're going to have to do 272 00:12:38,379 --> 00:12:41,479 some management of people 273 00:12:41,479 --> 00:12:43,440 are using the yellow sticky traps now. 274 00:12:43,440 --> 00:12:45,220 But I'm going to caution them because 275 00:12:45,220 --> 00:12:46,860 the rootworm populations are 276 00:12:46,860 --> 00:12:48,360 variable, even within a field. 277 00:12:48,360 --> 00:12:50,720 And fa, and I, we're looking at 278 00:12:50,720 --> 00:12:57,580 roots from some corn rootworm studies yesterday. 279 00:12:57,580 --> 00:12:59,300 Even from rep to rep, 280 00:12:59,300 --> 00:13:01,899 that population varied and that's 281 00:13:01,899 --> 00:13:03,099 because the egg laying and 282 00:13:03,099 --> 00:13:05,200 the beetles populations varied. 283 00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:09,219 Even that small test area, they're real variable. 284 00:13:09,219 --> 00:13:12,699 Putting one or two traps in the field is likely to give 285 00:13:12,699 --> 00:13:17,399 you a completely wrong impression of what's out there. 286 00:13:17,440 --> 00:13:19,560 How many sticky traps do you 287 00:13:19,560 --> 00:13:20,980 think they should have out there? 288 00:13:20,980 --> 00:13:23,239 Do you have any feel for that? 289 00:13:23,239 --> 00:13:26,199 And realistically because it takes time to do this, 290 00:13:26,199 --> 00:13:30,080 how often you have to check these and so forth? 291 00:13:31,720 --> 00:13:34,120 Do you have a feel for how many 292 00:13:34,120 --> 00:13:36,720 that person should put out in a field if they were 293 00:13:36,720 --> 00:13:38,519 going to put out sticky traps to 294 00:13:38,519 --> 00:13:41,840 monitor for corn rootworm? 295 00:13:43,520 --> 00:13:45,919 I can maybe answer that. 296 00:13:45,919 --> 00:13:48,899 It depends on how much detail you want out of that. 297 00:13:48,899 --> 00:13:51,880 If you're just trying to find high risk fields, 298 00:13:51,880 --> 00:13:54,680 you can probably get by four. 299 00:13:54,680 --> 00:13:57,859 Some people try three that's getting iffy. 300 00:13:57,859 --> 00:14:00,479 If you're on the bubble and you're in that area where 301 00:14:00,479 --> 00:14:03,960 you're not sure if you've got a rootworm problem or not, 302 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:07,939 then you need six to eight. 303 00:14:07,939 --> 00:14:13,560 And some studies Ken Oss lab did a few years back, 304 00:14:13,560 --> 00:14:15,460 the Northern's tend to need 305 00:14:15,460 --> 00:14:18,939 a few more traps to accurately assess the population, 306 00:14:18,939 --> 00:14:21,560 but I think most guys are just trying to figure 307 00:14:21,560 --> 00:14:24,680 out which fields are at higher risk. 308 00:14:25,080 --> 00:14:28,160 You don't have to spend too much time out there, 309 00:14:28,160 --> 00:14:31,040 but you do have to do it for a longer period of time. 310 00:14:31,040 --> 00:14:35,039 And you're talking about 34 weeks, 311 00:14:35,039 --> 00:14:38,659 or because the Beatles are either moving into 312 00:14:38,659 --> 00:14:41,869 the field if they're late pollinating 313 00:14:41,869 --> 00:14:43,429 or later than other fields in 314 00:14:43,429 --> 00:14:46,390 the area, those sorts of things. 315 00:14:46,390 --> 00:14:49,129 Well, that's one question too that brings 316 00:14:49,129 --> 00:14:51,530 up what we're talking about, sticky traps. 317 00:14:51,530 --> 00:14:53,290 We do have a question that popped up here too. 318 00:14:53,290 --> 00:14:55,589 It's deals with root pruning there. 319 00:14:55,589 --> 00:14:56,870 Again, do you recommend 320 00:14:56,870 --> 00:15:01,409 people about digging roots and since it is 321 00:15:01,409 --> 00:15:04,949 a drier year to do you think 322 00:15:04,949 --> 00:15:07,310 there would be more severe root pruning 323 00:15:07,310 --> 00:15:08,630 or would it be less? 324 00:15:08,630 --> 00:15:11,490 Or is it going to have more of an impact? 325 00:15:11,490 --> 00:15:15,389 Either. You want to tackle that question there and 326 00:15:15,389 --> 00:15:17,870 see what impact does 327 00:15:17,870 --> 00:15:21,410 the dry conditions having on root pruning this year? 328 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:25,119 Do you want to answer that? 329 00:15:25,119 --> 00:15:31,500 I think you can ask it because we dry condition. 330 00:15:31,500 --> 00:15:32,600 Okay. 331 00:15:32,600 --> 00:15:33,640 Yeah. 332 00:15:33,640 --> 00:15:36,719 I mean, if it's dry out but you know, 333 00:15:36,719 --> 00:15:39,800 because they're reducing the root system, 334 00:15:39,800 --> 00:15:42,719 that impact on yield is going to be greater. 335 00:15:42,719 --> 00:15:44,719 The other thing that happens when it's dry 336 00:15:44,719 --> 00:15:46,799 is especially if it's hot and dry, 337 00:15:46,799 --> 00:15:48,779 the roots don't regenerate as well, 338 00:15:48,779 --> 00:15:51,040 part of that's hybrid trait. 339 00:15:51,040 --> 00:15:53,979 But the damage in 340 00:15:53,979 --> 00:15:55,799 dry conditions or effect on 341 00:15:55,799 --> 00:15:58,919 yield dry conditions is usually worse. 342 00:15:58,919 --> 00:16:01,359 But the other side of that is that, 343 00:16:01,359 --> 00:16:04,600 you know, if it's dry and you don't have winds. 344 00:16:04,600 --> 00:16:06,319 Um, you could have some pretty 345 00:16:06,319 --> 00:16:08,519 severe damage and it won't lodge. 346 00:16:08,519 --> 00:16:10,180 The other thing I want to point 347 00:16:10,180 --> 00:16:12,159 out is if you go into a field, 348 00:16:12,159 --> 00:16:14,320 you don't know if those beetles are 349 00:16:14,320 --> 00:16:16,700 coming into the field or leaving the field, 350 00:16:16,700 --> 00:16:18,799 or if it's extended diapause or not. 351 00:16:18,799 --> 00:16:20,620 Unless you look at those roots 352 00:16:20,620 --> 00:16:24,799 and see if there's a lot of root injury in that field. 353 00:16:25,120 --> 00:16:30,060 That's one of the issues with rootworm beetles, 354 00:16:30,060 --> 00:16:31,939 especially the northern's are so 355 00:16:31,939 --> 00:16:34,000 darn mobile and they'll move back and forth 356 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:36,219 between fields and even out 357 00:16:36,219 --> 00:16:38,499 of fields and feed on flower pollen and 358 00:16:38,499 --> 00:16:45,239 that thing and weed pollen on question also too. 359 00:16:45,239 --> 00:16:47,150 That comes up a lot of times. 360 00:16:47,150 --> 00:16:50,599 Now we're starting to see in fields or volunteer corns 361 00:16:50,599 --> 00:16:54,080 popping up through the canopy and soybean fields. 362 00:16:54,080 --> 00:16:57,280 What impact does that have on corn rootworm populations? 363 00:16:57,280 --> 00:16:59,940 To again, at what point is 364 00:16:59,940 --> 00:17:03,079 it essentially that we're not rotating out of corn? 365 00:17:03,079 --> 00:17:05,139 Here again, we know 366 00:17:05,139 --> 00:17:08,000 that rotation can help overall with corn rootworm. 367 00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:09,459 But again, if we've got a lot of volunteer 368 00:17:09,459 --> 00:17:11,780 corn out there point, 369 00:17:11,780 --> 00:17:14,540 it's really not going to help us, right? 370 00:17:14,540 --> 00:17:18,199 Well, we did some work 371 00:17:18,199 --> 00:17:22,179 a few years back and looked at both Northern and western. 372 00:17:22,179 --> 00:17:24,620 And it doesn't really take 373 00:17:24,620 --> 00:17:26,839 that much volunteer corn relatively 374 00:17:26,839 --> 00:17:29,859 to pull beetles into the field to lay eggs. 375 00:17:29,859 --> 00:17:33,079 I think if I remember the numbers right, 376 00:17:33,079 --> 00:17:35,600 it's only like 2,500 plants per acre 377 00:17:35,600 --> 00:17:39,119 or or you could have egg laying in that field. 378 00:17:39,119 --> 00:17:40,339 And that's not hard to do, 379 00:17:40,339 --> 00:17:43,379 especially when we have things like 380 00:17:43,379 --> 00:17:46,920 those wind events that came through a couple years ago, 381 00:17:46,920 --> 00:17:48,440 lodged a lot of corn 382 00:17:48,440 --> 00:17:52,759 and we had a lot of volunteer corn following it. 383 00:17:53,150 --> 00:17:55,829 I don't think they're smart enough 384 00:17:55,829 --> 00:17:58,610 to think of this all on their own. 385 00:17:58,610 --> 00:18:02,090 But from the rootworm side, 386 00:18:02,090 --> 00:18:04,350 if you do have a lot of lodging, 387 00:18:04,350 --> 00:18:06,769 you have a hard time picking up some of that corn, 388 00:18:06,769 --> 00:18:10,710 and that creates more volunteer corn issues as well. 389 00:18:11,230 --> 00:18:13,830 Volunteer corn is not good. 390 00:18:13,830 --> 00:18:17,429 If it's out there till July, 391 00:18:17,429 --> 00:18:19,770 you've got larval surviving. 392 00:18:19,770 --> 00:18:22,209 And if it's out there pollinating 393 00:18:22,209 --> 00:18:24,650 later than everything else towards the end of the year, 394 00:18:24,650 --> 00:18:25,790 then you get a, you get 395 00:18:25,790 --> 00:18:28,289 beetles moving in and laying eggs. 396 00:18:28,289 --> 00:18:31,290 Here's a question that I did come in there too. 397 00:18:31,290 --> 00:18:33,470 Have you noticed any plant or cover 398 00:18:33,470 --> 00:18:37,090 crops which promote predators of corn rootworm? 399 00:18:37,090 --> 00:18:40,249 Have either of you noticed anything about that? 400 00:18:40,249 --> 00:18:43,689 Is there any impact the having more cover crops out 401 00:18:43,689 --> 00:18:45,049 there might have on 402 00:18:45,049 --> 00:18:48,469 on populations of corn, rootworm and pressure? 403 00:18:49,310 --> 00:18:52,470 I don't know if it's 404 00:18:52,790 --> 00:18:55,209 the I mean the root worms 405 00:18:55,209 --> 00:18:56,849 don't really have that many predators. 406 00:18:56,849 --> 00:18:58,729 There's some nematodes that sort of thing. 407 00:18:58,729 --> 00:19:00,350 But what do you think about, 408 00:19:00,350 --> 00:19:02,650 you know, if you've got a cover crop out there, 409 00:19:02,650 --> 00:19:08,030 keeping that soil, minimizing bare soil. 410 00:19:08,030 --> 00:19:10,149 I don't know if that would help on egg laying or not, 411 00:19:10,149 --> 00:19:11,669 but I don't think I 412 00:19:11,669 --> 00:19:13,989 have seen anything published about it. 413 00:19:13,989 --> 00:19:18,089 Yeah, I simply has no study about lack 414 00:19:18,089 --> 00:19:22,640 the prep the crop on cidal management. 415 00:19:22,640 --> 00:19:26,259 I think the impact of the cover crop is going to 416 00:19:26,259 --> 00:19:29,480 be what that does to corn growth and root development. 417 00:19:29,480 --> 00:19:31,760 Those moisture, those things, 418 00:19:31,760 --> 00:19:36,099 Yeah, provide nutrition for the corn development. 419 00:19:38,020 --> 00:19:40,399 Related to that question that we did 420 00:19:40,399 --> 00:19:42,280 come in earlier as well. 421 00:19:42,280 --> 00:19:44,679 They ask about beetle bombing, 422 00:19:44,679 --> 00:19:46,720 probably not your favorite, 423 00:19:46,720 --> 00:19:49,459 but if they do it, what's the best timing? 424 00:19:49,459 --> 00:19:51,080 Because if they see a field, 425 00:19:51,080 --> 00:19:53,360 for example, with a lot of beetles out there, 426 00:19:53,360 --> 00:19:56,719 a lot of people panic and want to 427 00:19:56,719 --> 00:19:58,360 spray beetles because they think they're 428 00:19:58,360 --> 00:20:00,120 clipping their silks and the corn won't. 429 00:20:00,120 --> 00:20:03,500 Pollinate. That's actually pretty rare. 430 00:20:04,980 --> 00:20:07,499 After that corn is pollinated, 431 00:20:07,499 --> 00:20:09,999 you can pull the Usse back and shake the ears, 432 00:20:09,999 --> 00:20:12,339 and if the silks swall off of 433 00:20:12,339 --> 00:20:15,680 those kernels, they've been pollinated. 434 00:20:15,680 --> 00:20:17,419 But a lot of 435 00:20:17,419 --> 00:20:19,079 that silk clipping actually 436 00:20:19,079 --> 00:20:22,260 happens after the pollination is all done. 437 00:20:22,900 --> 00:20:25,620 That's a whole separate reason 438 00:20:25,620 --> 00:20:30,960 for putting a foliar insecticide on for adults. 439 00:20:30,960 --> 00:20:32,499 And for the most part, it's actually 440 00:20:32,499 --> 00:20:34,459 pretty where you have 441 00:20:34,459 --> 00:20:39,100 those levels of 5678 beetles per plant. 442 00:20:39,100 --> 00:20:41,719 Then your corn isn't pollinated yet and your silks are 443 00:20:41,719 --> 00:20:45,500 clipped within to the tip of the ear. 444 00:20:45,820 --> 00:20:50,100 Some guys can't rotate or won't rotate, 445 00:20:50,100 --> 00:20:52,259 and they don't really have 446 00:20:52,259 --> 00:20:55,719 a good way to put insecticide on a lot of guys that 447 00:20:55,719 --> 00:20:58,559 have tried to resort to beetle bombing or 448 00:20:58,559 --> 00:21:02,060 spring the adults to prevent egg laying. 449 00:21:02,060 --> 00:21:04,720 The threshold is one beetle per plant, 450 00:21:04,720 --> 00:21:08,519 but a lot of guys are doing it too early. 451 00:21:08,519 --> 00:21:10,479 This control would go 452 00:21:10,479 --> 00:21:15,860 on after the silk clipping and pollination is done. 453 00:21:15,860 --> 00:21:17,880 For the most part, you're 454 00:21:17,880 --> 00:21:19,360 talking about one beetle per plant. 455 00:21:19,360 --> 00:21:22,074 You want about 10% of those beetles to be. 456 00:21:22,074 --> 00:21:23,710 Females to be pregnant. 457 00:21:23,710 --> 00:21:27,269 So you can see the swollen abdomen swollen with eggs. 458 00:21:27,269 --> 00:21:32,849 And you're probably going to have to scout, 459 00:21:33,090 --> 00:21:35,989 scout every ten days or so for 460 00:21:35,989 --> 00:21:38,369 a while because like I said earlier, 461 00:21:38,369 --> 00:21:40,329 those beetles don't all emerge 462 00:21:40,329 --> 00:21:42,770 at the same time and they move in and out of field. 463 00:21:42,770 --> 00:21:47,410 And your insecticide residuals only so long, 464 00:21:47,890 --> 00:21:50,169 one beetle per plant, 465 00:21:50,169 --> 00:21:52,689 10% ravage females, and 466 00:21:52,689 --> 00:21:55,469 then check the field in seven to ten days. 467 00:21:55,469 --> 00:21:56,649 And keep doing that. 468 00:21:56,649 --> 00:21:59,910 Then you might have to put 469 00:21:59,910 --> 00:22:04,490 another foliar application on. Usually that's the case. 470 00:22:04,490 --> 00:22:07,190 Here's, here's one more question that came 471 00:22:07,190 --> 00:22:09,849 in earlier with registration as well too. 472 00:22:09,849 --> 00:22:12,670 So you talked about a lot of management again, 473 00:22:12,670 --> 00:22:14,690 how do we best prevent resistance 474 00:22:14,690 --> 00:22:16,729 and maintain the effectiveness of 475 00:22:16,729 --> 00:22:21,550 the BT trades overall guidance 476 00:22:21,550 --> 00:22:24,610 there that you would offer? 477 00:22:24,930 --> 00:22:28,490 Yeah, I think as I mentioned before, 478 00:22:28,490 --> 00:22:30,609 using trades as necessary if 479 00:22:30,609 --> 00:22:32,689 it's your project is low in your field, 480 00:22:32,689 --> 00:22:35,210 it's not necessary to using trades. 481 00:22:35,210 --> 00:22:37,989 First, you can avoid a resistance problem 482 00:22:37,989 --> 00:22:39,729 in the future and the second, 483 00:22:39,729 --> 00:22:41,470 it will save you a lot of money 484 00:22:41,470 --> 00:22:43,649 for buying those BT traits. 485 00:22:43,649 --> 00:22:47,729 The second thing, if you see any problem earlier, 486 00:22:47,729 --> 00:22:52,029 you can use other insecticides, 487 00:22:52,029 --> 00:22:55,289 different traits, different mechanisms to 488 00:22:55,289 --> 00:22:59,409 avoid insect developed resistance to one model of action. 489 00:22:59,409 --> 00:23:01,009 If you use multiple model of 490 00:23:01,009 --> 00:23:04,469 actions that can slow insect resistance. 491 00:23:04,469 --> 00:23:08,650 Also I think right now because of the problems, 492 00:23:08,650 --> 00:23:11,129 especially for Western condom, 493 00:23:11,129 --> 00:23:12,929 they have resistance to 494 00:23:12,929 --> 00:23:15,269 almost every BT traits in 495 00:23:15,269 --> 00:23:18,469 most of the locations in the future. 496 00:23:18,469 --> 00:23:20,829 I hope the industry can have some, 497 00:23:20,829 --> 00:23:23,849 we can have some new model of actions. 498 00:23:23,849 --> 00:23:27,910 One they're using right now is NI plus BT. 499 00:23:27,910 --> 00:23:31,389 And that can, your insect project is low in the field, 500 00:23:31,389 --> 00:23:33,630 but if your insect project is high, 501 00:23:33,630 --> 00:23:36,209 because I is working totally different, 502 00:23:36,209 --> 00:23:39,249 competitive BT, they kill insects very slow. 503 00:23:39,249 --> 00:23:41,930 It takes a little bit of time, normally for BT. 504 00:23:41,930 --> 00:23:44,669 They can kill the insects one or two days, 505 00:23:44,669 --> 00:23:46,710 but I takes about 506 00:23:46,710 --> 00:23:50,550 like more than five days to kill the insects. 507 00:23:50,550 --> 00:23:52,670 That relates straight to a question 508 00:23:52,670 --> 00:23:54,010 that just came into it says, 509 00:23:54,010 --> 00:23:55,390 what are you seeing hearing about 510 00:23:55,390 --> 00:23:56,709 the new traits efficacy? 511 00:23:56,709 --> 00:23:58,150 I'm assuming that they're talking 512 00:23:58,150 --> 00:24:00,589 about the RNAI technology. 513 00:24:00,589 --> 00:24:02,530 If you want to share a little bit about 514 00:24:02,530 --> 00:24:04,850 if people aren't that familiar with how that works. 515 00:24:04,850 --> 00:24:07,629 And again, what's the efficacy 516 00:24:07,629 --> 00:24:11,689 of that you're seeing compared to say, the BT traits? 517 00:24:12,090 --> 00:24:16,889 Well, it's another mode 518 00:24:16,889 --> 00:24:19,069 of action and it's a supplement to the BT. 519 00:24:19,069 --> 00:24:23,609 But as Fay mentioned, that BT has to be functioning to 520 00:24:23,609 --> 00:24:28,990 a certain extent because if the insects are resistant, 521 00:24:28,990 --> 00:24:31,570 the larva are resistant to BT, they're able to feed. 522 00:24:31,570 --> 00:24:34,509 They could do quite a bit of root damage before the RNI 523 00:24:34,509 --> 00:24:38,490 can kill, kill a larva. 524 00:24:38,490 --> 00:24:41,910 I have seen some fields this summer where they put 525 00:24:41,910 --> 00:24:45,690 the RN hybrids under 526 00:24:45,690 --> 00:24:48,230 extremely high rootworm pressure and there's 527 00:24:48,230 --> 00:24:53,449 problems log a lot of root feeding and lodging. 528 00:24:54,130 --> 00:24:56,550 I think the seed companies 529 00:24:56,550 --> 00:24:58,409 will tell you too that if you've got 530 00:24:58,409 --> 00:25:02,049 really high pressure it's not going to answer everything, 531 00:25:02,049 --> 00:25:03,749 but it will help under 532 00:25:03,749 --> 00:25:06,030 moderate and lower pressure 533 00:25:06,030 --> 00:25:09,150 where you're dealing with BT resistance. 534 00:25:09,150 --> 00:25:14,789 It's a good tool but it's not bulletproof, 535 00:25:14,789 --> 00:25:16,389 just like any of the other tools. 536 00:25:16,389 --> 00:25:20,989 I'll just reemphasize that 537 00:25:20,989 --> 00:25:23,650 if you want to help root worms out, 538 00:25:23,650 --> 00:25:25,229 you just keep doing the same thing 539 00:25:25,229 --> 00:25:26,749 over and over again in the field. 540 00:25:26,749 --> 00:25:29,569 And they'll figure a way around it pretty quickly. 541 00:25:29,569 --> 00:25:31,589 And here's another question. 542 00:25:31,589 --> 00:25:36,970 Is there any non BT resistance or tolerance out there? 543 00:25:42,490 --> 00:25:46,569 There's differences in hybrids and that sort of thing. 544 00:25:46,569 --> 00:25:49,830 But I think one thing that growers should, 545 00:25:49,830 --> 00:25:54,090 can look at, the root system of those hybrids themselves. 546 00:25:54,090 --> 00:25:55,329 Something that's got a larger 547 00:25:55,329 --> 00:25:57,510 root system maybe regenerates. 548 00:25:57,510 --> 00:26:00,589 That'll help you out if you're in 549 00:26:00,589 --> 00:26:02,590 these high pressure situations 550 00:26:02,590 --> 00:26:05,010 or worried about root worms. 551 00:26:05,010 --> 00:26:06,469 That's something I'd always 552 00:26:06,469 --> 00:26:08,429 look at right in the beginning, 553 00:26:08,429 --> 00:26:12,470 is don't pick a small T hybrid. 554 00:26:12,470 --> 00:26:16,330 It's just making your life more difficult. 555 00:26:16,330 --> 00:26:18,589 Here's one more question that popped 556 00:26:18,589 --> 00:26:21,209 up saying if you mentioned already, 557 00:26:21,209 --> 00:26:23,690 but northern corn rootworm 558 00:26:23,690 --> 00:26:25,810 being found in new areas of the state, 559 00:26:25,810 --> 00:26:27,749 are there any particular region and 560 00:26:27,749 --> 00:26:29,529 counties that appears to be heading 561 00:26:29,529 --> 00:26:34,049 into versus where they're regularly prevalent? 562 00:26:35,410 --> 00:26:37,430 Where are you seeing the issues? 563 00:26:37,430 --> 00:26:39,010 I guess they issues. 564 00:26:39,010 --> 00:26:43,809 It's real localized and there's no reason to its spills. 565 00:26:43,809 --> 00:26:46,230 Not repealed in an area either. 566 00:26:46,230 --> 00:26:49,669 This problem has been here in the early '80s, 567 00:26:49,669 --> 00:26:52,590 disappeared as northern populations declined. 568 00:26:52,590 --> 00:26:54,569 It came back in the early 2000, 569 00:26:54,569 --> 00:26:58,650 disappeared, now it's coming back again. 570 00:26:58,650 --> 00:27:02,089 There's pockets in south central Minnesota and 571 00:27:02,089 --> 00:27:03,449 that Martin County areas 572 00:27:03,449 --> 00:27:05,529 one little bit up into Brown County, 573 00:27:05,529 --> 00:27:08,569 I've seen some fields in stream, 574 00:27:08,569 --> 00:27:11,870 southwest Minnesota, but it's not quite as big 575 00:27:11,870 --> 00:27:15,449 a hot spot but they're seeing up in Douglas County, 576 00:27:15,449 --> 00:27:17,510 I think into Otter Tail, 577 00:27:17,510 --> 00:27:19,410 some areas where they haven't 578 00:27:19,410 --> 00:27:21,850 seen extended diapause before. 579 00:27:21,850 --> 00:27:23,610 They've had Northern corn 580 00:27:23,610 --> 00:27:26,085 rootworm pressure up there before. 581 00:27:26,085 --> 00:27:28,519 One thing I didn't mention as you go 582 00:27:28,519 --> 00:27:30,980 north because the eggs are more coal tolerant, 583 00:27:30,980 --> 00:27:33,199 you see more Northern corn root worms. 584 00:27:33,199 --> 00:27:35,259 But even in southern Minnesota, 585 00:27:35,259 --> 00:27:38,480 at one time, the Northern were the dominant species. 586 00:27:38,480 --> 00:27:41,460 It's fairly recent since 587 00:27:41,460 --> 00:27:44,739 the Westerns became more widespread down here. 588 00:27:44,739 --> 00:27:46,579 I should note that you both have 589 00:27:46,579 --> 00:27:48,380 written a really great article that's 590 00:27:48,380 --> 00:27:50,020 available on the Minnesota Crop News 591 00:27:50,020 --> 00:27:51,739 if people want more details on that. 592 00:27:51,739 --> 00:27:53,659 That has been posted online, 593 00:27:53,659 --> 00:27:55,200 was posted earlier this week. 594 00:27:55,200 --> 00:27:56,659 There's a lot of great resources 595 00:27:56,659 --> 00:27:58,420 on our extension crops website. 596 00:27:58,420 --> 00:28:01,419 We will have those links close to 597 00:28:01,419 --> 00:28:03,080 this recording as well or you can find 598 00:28:03,080 --> 00:28:04,860 it on our strategic farming website. 599 00:28:04,860 --> 00:28:06,919 For anybody listening to this recording, 600 00:28:06,919 --> 00:28:09,259 I did want to ask you a quick know 601 00:28:09,259 --> 00:28:11,460 that you're also working with European Corn Board. 602 00:28:11,460 --> 00:28:12,919 Do you have any thoughts you 603 00:28:12,919 --> 00:28:14,900 wanted to mention about that as well too, 604 00:28:14,900 --> 00:28:18,060 because we can't totally forget about that test either. 605 00:28:18,060 --> 00:28:20,099 Yeah, like European combo 606 00:28:20,099 --> 00:28:22,340 has been a historic insects here. 607 00:28:22,340 --> 00:28:24,439 But because of using the BD treats, 608 00:28:24,439 --> 00:28:27,760 it works very fantastic to targeting the species. 609 00:28:27,760 --> 00:28:31,199 But right now, I think two years ago in Canada, 610 00:28:31,199 --> 00:28:32,760 they found some species 611 00:28:32,760 --> 00:28:34,959 European combo showing resistance to 612 00:28:34,959 --> 00:28:39,900 or proteins in Ohio state. 613 00:28:39,900 --> 00:28:41,359 They're working on some research. 614 00:28:41,359 --> 00:28:42,699 They found resistance in 615 00:28:42,699 --> 00:28:45,419 Northeast US showing some resistance 616 00:28:45,419 --> 00:28:49,920 of European combo to there proteins. 617 00:28:49,920 --> 00:28:52,899 The high chance European populations 618 00:28:52,899 --> 00:28:55,780 will come back in Minnesota and showing resistance. 619 00:28:55,780 --> 00:28:58,579 That will cause a big problem for us. 620 00:28:58,579 --> 00:29:00,599 The only thing right now we want to 621 00:29:00,599 --> 00:29:04,239 understand and to do some survey understandability of 622 00:29:04,239 --> 00:29:07,640 these insects to the current BT technologies 623 00:29:07,640 --> 00:29:10,600 that will help us a resistance management. 624 00:29:10,600 --> 00:29:13,260 If you find any infestation 625 00:29:13,260 --> 00:29:15,659 of the European combo in your field, 626 00:29:15,659 --> 00:29:19,199 please did I can go and collect 627 00:29:19,199 --> 00:29:20,820 some populations and test 628 00:29:20,820 --> 00:29:23,499 it against the current BT traits. 629 00:29:23,499 --> 00:29:26,059 That will help a lot for future research. 630 00:29:26,059 --> 00:29:28,779 All right. Excellent. Thank you Bruce. 631 00:29:28,779 --> 00:29:30,540 I know you got like about 1 min here. 632 00:29:30,540 --> 00:29:32,760 Anything you want to add? About time, 633 00:29:32,760 --> 00:29:34,379 year, sleeping, aphid, spider mites. 634 00:29:34,379 --> 00:29:36,480 We've got dry conditions. 635 00:29:36,480 --> 00:29:44,079 Spider mites, we'll probably revise older news article. 636 00:29:44,079 --> 00:29:46,419 We're starting to get some calls 637 00:29:46,419 --> 00:29:49,039 in these drier areas on spider mites. 638 00:29:49,039 --> 00:29:50,420 There has been some treatment going 639 00:29:50,420 --> 00:29:53,119 on for a few weeks in little pockets. 640 00:29:53,119 --> 00:29:56,199 We did get some rain in central Minnesota, 641 00:29:56,199 --> 00:29:58,340 and I think not so much rain, 642 00:29:58,340 --> 00:30:00,980 but if we can get some cooler temperatures and we can 643 00:30:00,980 --> 00:30:07,104 get leaf moisture even with heavy, 644 00:30:07,104 --> 00:30:09,189 get that for a couple of nights in a row, 645 00:30:09,189 --> 00:30:10,630 Hopefully we can get some fungi 646 00:30:10,630 --> 00:30:12,590 going to knock those populations back. 647 00:30:12,590 --> 00:30:16,169 But ads are going to be moving around the country 648 00:30:16,169 --> 00:30:20,970 here pretty quick as soybeans quit growing vegetatively. 649 00:30:20,970 --> 00:30:24,710 Both of those insects or ones And insects, 650 00:30:24,710 --> 00:30:26,189 both of those are something to scout 651 00:30:26,189 --> 00:30:28,369 for here in the next week or so. 652 00:30:28,369 --> 00:30:30,250 All right, and stay tuned because 653 00:30:30,250 --> 00:30:31,749 that will be something we certainly can 654 00:30:31,749 --> 00:30:34,509 adjust here on our upcoming field notes sessions 655 00:30:34,509 --> 00:30:36,730 as that anything progresses there. 656 00:30:36,730 --> 00:30:38,369 And also, I'm sure you'll have stuff out on 657 00:30:38,369 --> 00:30:40,209 the Minnesota crop news as well too. 658 00:30:40,209 --> 00:30:42,809 But again, I'd like to thank our guests, 659 00:30:42,809 --> 00:30:46,030 Dr. Feng and also Bruce Potter today, 660 00:30:46,030 --> 00:30:47,349 and all of you for attending 661 00:30:47,349 --> 00:30:49,610 our extension field notes session today. 662 00:30:49,610 --> 00:30:51,490 And also, of course, like to thank 663 00:30:51,490 --> 00:30:52,889 the Minnesota Soybean Research 664 00:30:52,889 --> 00:30:54,049 and Promotion Council and the 665 00:30:54,049 --> 00:30:56,129 Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council 666 00:30:56,129 --> 00:30:59,050 for helping make these sessions possible. 667 00:30:59,050 --> 00:31:00,710 Have a great rest of the day, 668 00:31:00,710 --> 00:31:03,250 and I hope to see you next week.