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Welcome back to Count Me In, the podcast
focused on the issues, challenges,

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and characters shaping the management
accounting profession. I'm Adam Larson.

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Today I'm joined by Mark Herschberg,
serial entrepreneur, business innovator,

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and the author of the Career Toolkit:

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Essential Skills for Success
that No One Taught You. Now,

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lots of people cover career and work
best practices, but if you ask me,

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it all can start to sound pretty similar,
but that's not the case with Mark.

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There's a good reason he teaches at
MIT, which you're about to find out.

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In fact,

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Mark had so much insight and advice to
share from his research and years of

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building companies and teams, we
ended up recording two podcasts,

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the second of which will be
coming out soon. But for now,

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let's get started with Mark Herschberg
discussing the fallout from the great

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resignation and what he's
learned about how to fix work.

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Mark,

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I wanted to just thank you so much for
coming on the podcast today and today

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we're gonna really focus on the great
resignation and we've all been hearing

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this term they've been writing
about it since it started in 2021,

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but I wanted to start off by just you
talking a little bit about what what it is

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and what it means for everybody today.

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Well, thanks for having
me on the show today.

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The great resignation is really the
term that is an umbrella term for what

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is the largest rewrite of the
capital labor contract that

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we have seen in a century.

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Now certainly we are seeing
people leave jobs quitting,

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finding better jobs, sometimes
going back to their original job,

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but it's also a larger cultural change
about what people are looking for in

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their jobs. And so we need to
recognize this isn't just, well,

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we have to do a better
job hiring or retaining.

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It is a shift in terms of what people
want and companies need to adjust

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if they wanna stay competitive
in the labor market.

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Yeah, it sounds like it,

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and it also sounds like companies
really need to focus in on how

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do we keep employees as well?

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Because I'm sure during the
pandemic employees were seeing,

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do I really still need to be here?

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And that they started asking
themselves a lot of questions.

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Well, that's a really good point.

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And you get different answers
depending on who you ask.

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When it comes down to any job, it's
really about the communication needed.

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It's about who needs to communicate
with whom and when and how best to

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do that. It's why we have emails,
slack, phone calls, meetings,

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they're all channels of communicating,

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whether it's project updates or you and
I coordinating and coming up with ideas.

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That's what a lot of work is.

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What we found is that certain types
of work can be done from home.

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We don't have to be
sitting next to each other.

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And people have speculated about
this for years. I work in technology.

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We've certainly been on the forefront.

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I've been working with teams
all around the world for years.

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You can do some of that,

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but there are limitations to that
and it seems like we might be

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overshooting a bit in that people
don't understand. At first we said No,

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you'll have to be in the office
five days a week. It's like, well,

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we know we can work when we're
in the office zero days a week.

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You can work in both
modes, but is that optimal?

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And so there are different facets you
need to look at to decide what is the

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optimal number of days for a
particular team at which points.

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Yeah,

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and it also seems like it's more than
just money that people are leaving because

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of a lot of times people leave because
of money or because of culture,

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or all those things.

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But you can't just throw more money at
your employees and say, Okay, you know,

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stay here.

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That's exactly right.
Money is a bit of a factor.

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And as we record this at the
start of the summer in 2022,

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we've been coming off some of the highest
inflation rates that we've seen in a

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generation.

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And so you do need more money to stay
competitive and other companies are

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throwing money at them.
But here's the thing,

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you are probably not the highest
payer in your market. One company is,

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and it probably isn't you. So if
you're just competing on money,

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that's going to be a problem.

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What we saw is people are responding
to these other dimensions,

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and this is what I meant when I said
it's a rewrite of that capital labor

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contract. It's no longer I pay
you money, you do the work.

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And so we're seeing employees,
particularly younger employees,

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but we are seeing it across the spectrum.

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They're looking not just at money
I'm using at Compensation General,

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or there's stock options of
salary, but also work life balance,

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company culture, alignment
to mission and support,

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just to name a few.

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We saw companies that back at the
start of the pandemic in 2020,

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some of them said, look, it's tough
for everyone. Suck it up and do it.

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And other companies said,
hey, it's tough for everyone,

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so we're going to give you Fridays off
for the next two months because this is

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crazy. Spend some time with your families.

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We all need the stress break or what can
we do to support you while you are at

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home?

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And so the companies that
were more supportive of
their employees were the ones

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who basically had more
loyalty and had employees say,

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I know you're looking out for
me and are more likely to stay.

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So it's important that we really
sell our employees current and

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future ones, not just on the compensation,
but on all these other facets.

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So it what I'm hearing you say,

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it sounds like company culture is a
huge part of avoiding the resignation,

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but also, you know, when you,
when new people are coming on,

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you wanna make sure that they fit that
company culture to make sure that they're

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gonna stay on.

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Culture is very important. Now by culture,

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I think a lot of companies get this wrong.

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They think the culture
is the seven values.

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Someone in marketing put on the
website that says customer first or

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whatever the mantra is. And I'm
sure there is value to those,

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but the actual culture of your team
might be at your company level.

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More likely it's at a team or department
level is how you interact day to day.

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For example, I have a colleague
who told me at a former company,

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the rule was whoever yelled loudest
got their way in the meeting.

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I guarantee you marketing did not put
that on the website. But when you show up,

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that's how you have to behave.

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And if you're not the type of person who
likes to yell and shout at a meeting,

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you're not going to be
effective in that company.

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Now that's an extreme example and
most people aren't saying, Okay, yeah,

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let's put yelling as a team value.

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But it is values such as are you
expected to answer an email at

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11 at night at some
companies? Yes you are.

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Some people are okay with that
because you're paying me enough money.

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And I don't mind. Other companies say, no,

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we really don't expect you outside
of work unless there's an emergency.

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It's things like how often you
are expected to be in work.

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It's how much support they're going to
give you. There are companies who say,

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we're here, we're gonna
help you with your career.

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We're going to help you plan out where
you're going, we're going to develop you.

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Other companies say, well,

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you're here because we're paying you
and if you wanna be somewhere else or

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do some other job, well that
doesn't help me, your boss,

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so why would I help you? And
those are very different cultures.

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So you really wanna look at that almost
tactical group-level culture in terms of

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how you operate the
relationships, the trust,

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and the understanding with
other people on your team.

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So we've been talking about like company
cultures and how can best help it,

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but I can't help but think what if I'm
somebody who left my company during

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the great resignation and
I'm thinking, you know what?

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What should I be looking for?

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What questions maybe I should ask
when I'm going into an interview,

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trying my next job that I want to avoid
the culture I was just at and I wanna

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make sure that I'm going to the
right culture going forward?

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That's a great question.

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There are a number of categories
of questions you want to ask.

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So let's look at a few of those. You want
to ask about the culture, for example.

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And you can ask questions like,

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what three words would you use to
describe the company culture here?

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What traits do you value in team members?

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What personality types are
a good fit for the company?

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These type of questions are open-ended,
there's no right or wrong answer,

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but it can help you explore what's
important, what those values are.

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You can ask about management,
ask to your potential new boss,

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what's your management style or approach?

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Obviously ask that of the subordinates
as well because they might have a

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different perspective. How does
the team resolve conflicts?

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Tell me about your feedback process.

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What was the biggest conflict that the
team faced and how did they get through

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it? You can ask about the job itself.

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What type of onboarding
support do you have?

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What would make someone successful
in this road? Excuse me,

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what would make someone
successful in this role?

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Where will this job take me down the road?

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You can ask about engagement.

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How do you help grow your employees?
What type of support does HR provide?

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You can ask general questions.

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What's the best thing about
working at this company?

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What's the one thing you'd like
to change about this company?

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How long do people tend
to stay at this company?

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So there's lots of different
questions. And again,

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these are not right or
wrong answer questions.

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They're questions that give you
insight into the company. Now,

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two important things when you bring
this up during the interview process,

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because it doesn't often come up.
And these questions, by the way,

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are important to both sides.
We're looking for a fit,

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a mutual fit. If you think about dating,
it's kinda like asking the question,

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do you want kids? There's no right
or wrong answer, but if someone says,

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I want kids, and someone says,
I don't, right there, you know,

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you two are not compatible and
that's fine. No hard feelings.

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This is not good relationship.
So same thing here. These are not

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horrible things and there's no
wrong answer, but you're looking,

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is there a fit on both sides?

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So both the hiring team and the candidate
are interested in answering these

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questions and either side can
choose to bring this up. Now,

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if you're the candidate,

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probably you're going to need
to bring this up when you do so,

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obviously be respectful.

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You don't want to ask in an aggressive
tone, in a challenging tone,

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you want to ask with a polite,
respectful tone. The other thing,

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it can still be a little
awkward to bring this up.

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So in the articles I've written about
this, here's what I say, blame me.

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You can say, listen, I heard this podcast,

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there was a guy named Mark Herschberg
and he said we should go through these

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questions together.

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So I'd like to bring them up now
because now you are not being annoying

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and doing something a little unusual.

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Many companies aren't used to getting
these questions. Instead you're saying,

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this is a recommended best practice I
have heard of. And if they challenge it,

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if they say, Oh, that's stupid. Well
yeah, Mark Herschberg looks stupid,

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you don't look stupid. You
can, you can dodge that blame.

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So it's gonna give you
some protection and cover.

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So feel free to do that if you'd like.

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But you definitely at some point want
to bring up these questions and explore

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it. Otherwise, it's like going into that
marriage without asking questions like,

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do you want kids? And
where do you wanna live?

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You're probably going in
blind and asking for trouble.

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That sounds like it.

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And we'll make sure we put a link to
that article in the show notes so that

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everybody can take a look at that.
So I, you know, I think those are,

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that's wonderful advice and I wish
I'd had that advice many years ago,

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the different interviews
that I've been on,

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I would've loved to ask those questions.

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Are there red flags that people
should be on the lookout for it?

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Cause obviously when you're
listening to those things,

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you know what you don't
wanna see in a company.

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You know what you're looking for,
you know what you've been through.

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But are there certain red flags that if
somebody answers one of those questions

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this way, run?

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Certainly I'd say the yelling
is red flag, at least for me.

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Although then again,

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I hear stories about at least the
old days in Wall Street where yelling

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and screaming and people throwing things,

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that's par for the course and certain
people were attracted to that type of

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super aggressive culture. It's
really about what's a fit for you.

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Let's just take something simple,

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asking a question like how many hours
a week do you spend in meetings?

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It's a question we don't ask. Now,
there are many people who say,

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I hate meetings, I know I have
to do a few of them. Okay,

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four hours a week in meetings, no problem.

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If they hear 20 hours a week in meetings,
oh my god, that can be soul crushing.

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Probably not a fit for you.

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There are other people who actually
love meetings and hey, 20 hours a week,

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bring it on. It's funny, we ask that
with travel, that's a common question,

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What percentage of time is spent
traveling? That's an acceptable question.

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But we never ask how much time in
meetings or filling out paperwork

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depending on the nature of the role.

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So it's really important to break down
the different aspects and just find a

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fit. I don't think there's any
universal red flags for the most part,

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but it's about what's right for you.

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So you almost have to know your why and
what you're looking for to be able to

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know what red flags you're
looking for, in a sense.

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It goes back to that dating
analogy. If someone says,

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my idea of fun is camping
and someone else says,

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my idea is dressing up and going to
the opera, they're both valid answers,

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but they're probably not compatible.

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So as we circle the
conversation back to companies,

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how better can companies maybe engage
their employees or get them involved so

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that they can avoid this in the future?

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There is a very simple tool that you
can use that's gonna provide a number

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of benefits, including
upskilling and engagement. Now,

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this is based on the 20 years of
teaching that I've done at MIT,

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using techniques we use there as well
as the technique used at top business

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schools. What you want to do
is create peer learning groups.

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It's similar to ERGs, but it's
not based around some designation.

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It's not what you happen to be, it's
about what you're trying to achieve.

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So you can create general groups or you
can create groups around specific skills

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and what you wanna do with these groups.

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I recommend groups of about
six to eight people in size,

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but you can make them larger or
smaller or go whatever way works for

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your team. And in these groups,

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which by the way can be done
in person or remote or both,

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you want to focus on
particular skills. Now,

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I particularly recommend some
of what we call softer skills,

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leadership, communication,
teamwork, negotiating.

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Those are skills we
don't focus on as much.

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But you can also focus
on more technical skills,

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particularly accounting
skills or tool skills.

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And what you wanna do in these
groups is have folks come together,

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engage them with some content,

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have them read a book or some articles,

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watch a video online,

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use a great podcast like this one because
when they engage with the content and

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then go and have that discussion,
that's where you get the richness.

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You're gonna listen to this podcast and
you hear, oh yeah, important things,

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great resignation.

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We have to think differently about
how employees want to work with their

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companies. That's a start, but it's
not the end of the conversation.

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And in having these small conversations,

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you start to go deeper into what
these ideas are and what might work.

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Same thing with leadership. I can give
you, here's three tips for leadership,

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but it's not so cut and dry.

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It's not as simple as here's how to
declare this asset on a balance sheet.

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It's very black and
white. Leadership is not.

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And so it's understanding those subtleties
and that's what happens in these

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groups. Now, if you do it,

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you're going to get
four advantages. First,

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you are upskilling your
employees, that's fantastic,

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you get better employees. Second,

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you're going to better engage
your employees. You're saying,

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we're not just here to get work out
of you. We care about developing you,

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we care about helping you. And it's no
longer just compensating you with money,

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as we talked about before. They want
to see this type of support. Third,

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you're increasing your internal
networks. Really important,

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especially as we're in a hybrid workplace
that we really focus on spending more

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time getting to know each other and
relating to each other and building those

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internal relationships. And fourth,

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you're creating a common language because
if, for example, you pick the book,

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like you have the name if for example,
you pick the book Good to Great,

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they talk about the hedgehog model.

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And if you use that book and
everyone's read it, you can say, oh,

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well let's apply the hedgehog model.

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Everyone knows exactly
what you're talking about.

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So you have common stories and patterns
that you can more easily apply.

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So if you want to do this,

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there's a free download on my
website under the resources page,

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the Career Toolkit development program.
You can use my book for it if you want,

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but again, if you don't wanna use
my book, use a different book,

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use other free content,

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and this is going to help engage and
upskill your employees completely free.

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That's great. And we'll put a link
to that in the show notes as well.

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I really feel like that engagement
is one of the key factors

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of keeping your employees where they are,

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not necessarily where they are,

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but keeping your employees engaged
in the company. They know the why,

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they're connected with their teammates,
with people outside of their team.

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They can connect with the higher ups.

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It it's a way to kind of connect
everybody because otherwise you,

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especially while we're all at home or
we're doing hybrid models and all those

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other things,

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you feel disconnected so much from people
and that really feels like a way that

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it brings people together in
a way that we haven't seen,

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especially during the Covid era.

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It does because it puts you together in
discussions that aren't just about the

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monthly report that you're so tired of
talking about because you did last month

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and the month before that this
engagement's also important because we are

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getting into hybrid workplaces.
It means the onboarding,

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the time it takes for
someone to get up to speed,

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not just on the technical aspects,

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but fitting into the team is
often taking longer these days,

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which means our existing employees
are even more valuable because they

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have the established relationships and
networks and we really want to keep them

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so we don't lose those.

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So Mark, if people wanna
know more about this,

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where can they get in touch with you?

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You can go to my website,

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the Career Toolkit book.com
(https://www.thecareertoolkitbook.com),

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and there of course you
can get in touch with me,

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00:18:54,721 --> 00:18:56,320
learn more about the book I wrote,

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get the questions we mentioned or other
free downloads on the resources page.

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All this is here to help you better
engage and support your employees.

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So Mark, as we wrap up the
conversation, I just have to ask,

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is the great resignation over?

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We have likely passed the peak,

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but there are going to be echoes for years
to come and these echoes will come in

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different ways.

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Some of it will be as companies
work on their work from home policy,

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a company may say,

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00:19:25,280 --> 00:19:29,710
we want everyone back five days and they
start losing employees. They say, Well,

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we better switched to three days.
Or they might try three days,

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realize that doesn't work
and switch to five days,

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then lose people in the future.

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So as we tweak policies in companies or
industries, we're going to see echoes.

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We're also going to find that working
very remotely and some companies have

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moved fully remote
works in the short term,

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but there are long term implications.

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We know people can mechanically
do their work from home.

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We've been doing that for two years.

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But what about those relationships
that they're trying to build?

353
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What about the long term strategy?

354
00:20:01,431 --> 00:20:06,390
What about thinking beyond the
tactical day-to-day work we do that may

355
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not be as easy at some companies
when people are primarily remote.

356
00:20:10,410 --> 00:20:15,210
And so they're gonna find this isn't
quite working and we have to change up,

357
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which again, are going to
cause echoes down the road.

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Even things such as if you
move to an island in the South

359
00:20:23,171 --> 00:20:25,850
Pacific and you do your
work, you're getting it done.

360
00:20:25,851 --> 00:20:29,490
But if you're not showing up to the
office in building relationships in your

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00:20:29,930 --> 00:20:33,410
industry or in your company,
that may hurt you in the future.

362
00:20:34,090 --> 00:20:38,090
We're even seeing potential DEI
issues. And here's a really tricky one.

363
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We've heard people talk about if
you don't set a standard policy,

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00:20:43,530 --> 00:20:45,210
everyone has to do X days in the office.

365
00:20:45,680 --> 00:20:50,119
What happens is women and
certain underrepresented groups

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tend to do more work at home. They
have more home responsibilities.

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00:20:54,130 --> 00:20:57,080
So if you make it flexible,
they're in the office less,

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00:20:57,780 --> 00:21:01,940
white males are in the office more.
Well, who is more likely to get promoted?

369
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Now we have a DEI problem. On
the other hand, if you say, Well,

370
00:21:06,660 --> 00:21:11,180
everyone needs to be in the office three
days a week. I've heard the complaint.

371
00:21:11,690 --> 00:21:14,780
Well now people who have more
home responsibilities say,

372
00:21:14,781 --> 00:21:18,660
I don't want three days a week. I want
two days a week. Who leaves your company?

373
00:21:19,210 --> 00:21:22,180
It's again, women and
underrepresented groups.

374
00:21:22,520 --> 00:21:24,500
Now you have a DEI problem again.

375
00:21:25,030 --> 00:21:29,420
So there's a lot of challenges and we
don't know yet how they're going to play

376
00:21:29,421 --> 00:21:29,750
out.

377
00:21:29,750 --> 00:21:33,820
So I think we're going to continue to
see some echoes of the great resignation

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for many years to come.

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This has been Count Me In,

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00:21:40,520 --> 00:21:44,570
IMA's podcast providing you
with the latest perspectives
of thought leaders from

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00:21:44,571 --> 00:21:46,050
the accounting and finance profession.

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00:21:46,060 --> 00:21:49,730
If you like what you heard and you'd
like to be counted in for more relevant

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00:21:49,731 --> 00:21:52,650
accounting and finance
education, visit IMA's website at

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00:21:52,651 --> 00:21:56,330
www.imanet.org.