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  "segments": [
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1.68",
      "endTime": "17.315",
      "body": "Hello, faithful Transform Your Teaching listeners. It's Jared. As you know or may not know, we have been asking for your feedback through a survey. We mentioned that if you fill it out, you'll be entered to do a drawing for a fancy coffee mug or tea, if that's your hot beverage of choice,"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "17.635",
      "endTime": "36.89",
      "body": "or even hot soup. We are having drawings in October, November, and December, and it's time to announce the October winner. The winner of this month's handcrafted mug is Shuli Chia. And it's not too late to participate yourself. You can find the link to our survey in this episode's show notes."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "36.89",
      "endTime": "37.69",
      "body": "Thanks for listening."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Narrator",
      "startTime": "42.524998",
      "endTime": "58.6",
      "body": "This is the Transform Your Teaching podcast. The Transform Your Teaching podcast is a service of the Center for Teaching and Learning at Cedarville University in Cedarville, Ohio. Welcome back to the Transform Your Teaching Podcast."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "58.6",
      "endTime": "67.159996",
      "body": "My name is Jared Piles, flying solo today because I'm introducing an interview I did with doctor Ariel Horan from the University of Idaho."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "67.715004",
      "endTime": "89.57",
      "body": "We met up at AECT this year, and she has a perspective on rural students and first gen students as a result of her research for her dissertation. I thought she'd be a great fit for this series on understanding the college student. So here's my interview with her."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "89.81",
      "endTime": "94.45",
      "body": "Start with introducing yourself, who you are, how you got in higher education, we'll go from there."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "94.485",
      "endTime": "98.805",
      "body": "Okay, so my name is Ariel Horan. I direct the Silver Valley"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "98.325",
      "endTime": "98.725",
      "body": "Doctor."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "98.885",
      "endTime": "124.585",
      "body": "Ariel Yes, thank you, no doctor. I direct the Silver Valley Upward Bound program at the University of Idaho and the thing I really always kind of have to say when I introduce myself is that Upward Bound is a college going program for low income first gen students. We frequently get confused with Outward Bound, So I do not take students on long hikes in the wilderness."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "124.585",
      "endTime": "141.27",
      "body": "I take them on college trips. So that's my job. I've been directing the program for eleven years now. And my entry into higher ed was really with this job. I had moved to Coeur D'Alene, Idaho."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "141.59",
      "endTime": "144.62999",
      "body": "We've been there. We've lived there for twelve years now."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "144.62999",
      "endTime": "146.31",
      "body": "How long were you an art teacher?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "146.79",
      "endTime": "147.59",
      "body": "Three years."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "147.59",
      "endTime": "148.15",
      "body": "Three years?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "148.23",
      "endTime": "148.62999",
      "body": "Three years."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "149.255",
      "endTime": "150.455",
      "body": "Is that what your undergrad was in?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "150.455",
      "endTime": "151.495",
      "body": "That was my undergrad."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "151.495",
      "endTime": "151.97499",
      "body": "Cool."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "151.97499",
      "endTime": "178.075",
      "body": "I really enjoyed it, but know, left the profession because the district was going through some, well aside from eloping I should say. But the district was going through some changes and my position eventually got split between three schools and that was just not sustainable. So it was like okay, it was not hard then for me to make that decision to elope and say okay, I'm ready to something And"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "178.075",
      "endTime": "194.35",
      "body": "the specialist teachers, I feel like they get, you gotta go here for two periods, you gotta go across the district to this classroom for two periods and trying to create some sort of, especially with art, trying to keep some sort of, continuity between what's going on, I'm sure it was very difficult."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "194.35",
      "endTime": "198.67001",
      "body": "It was, and then the other thing about teaching art is that so much of your job is cleaning."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "198.99",
      "endTime": "199.71",
      "body": "Oh, yeah."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "199.71",
      "endTime": "200.91",
      "body": "And so it would be"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "201.15",
      "endTime": "203.71",
      "body": "You almost need a period to clean up before you can go"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "203.71",
      "endTime": "204.19",
      "body": "to Yeah, the next one"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "204.59",
      "endTime": "210.96501",
      "body": "you really do. The planning is not all that tough but the cleaning is most of your planning period."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "210.96501",
      "endTime": "216.88501",
      "body": "Yeah, that's true. That's why you pick projects that are easily cleanable. I'll just use markers today, it's fine."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "216.96501",
      "endTime": "221.68501",
      "body": "Yeah, everyone does painting at the same time, everyone does ceramics at the same time so you're not mixing it up."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "221.68501",
      "endTime": "244.635",
      "body": "Makes sense, yeah. So we're in a series on our podcast now on understanding the new college student. We want to talk about the next gen of students. We've talked about their emotional levels, their stress levels, the new 18 is actually 14 as far as maturity goes. So less students are driving, parents are asking to be in the first job interview."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "244.635",
      "endTime": "252.76001",
      "body": "Are you seeing that yourself in your position, the maturity level of students, stuff like that?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "252.92",
      "endTime": "297.535",
      "body": "Yeah, would say to some degree. As I mentioned, I serve a very rural area. So some of those things that you mentioned, like especially the delayed driving, that's not something that we see at all simply because our students are dying to go to Panda Express all the time. And it's like a thirty minute drive for them or they're, you know, they're when you have a town of like 900 people, I mean, only places that they go are the Walmart or, you know, there's like one coffee shop. So I think to some degree that that kind of rurality fosters a little bit more independence just because, the community doesn't have all of the amenities that they're seeking."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "298.895",
      "endTime": "326.72498",
      "body": "In some degree, I think that maybe they're a little bit behind that curve, I suspect that'll probably remain that way simply because I don't see those communities changing a whole lot. But, you know, in other aspects, I think that the maturity definitely is quite a bit lower than when I even started ten years ago. And I think, bet if you asked this question every other person on this series, they probably cited the pandemic, right?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "326.72498",
      "endTime": "329.365",
      "body": "Dr. Yeah. That was a big contributing factor."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "329.365",
      "endTime": "368.47998",
      "body": "Yeah, and I think that that's the same is that what I'm seeing is students that kind of have these life skills, but not necessarily the emotional skills, and not a lot of ability to problem solve with their peers. So one of the big aspects of my job that we do is we have this six week residential program in the summer, and this is intended to foster kind of a college going experience. Either we take them on trips or we take them to main campus and we go spend some time in the dorms and they all live together. We always say that this is kind of what it's like. It's a simulation."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "368.47998",
      "endTime": "372.4",
      "body": "You get to practice this a few times before you get to college. This is why we're doing this."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "372.4",
      "endTime": "372.88",
      "body": "And"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "374.24",
      "endTime": "395.38",
      "body": "of course, some of the students that we are working with are 14, but we're also seeing that age regression where maybe those 14 year olds are then having some 10 year old skills when they're coming to our college program in the summer. So having to kind of reteach some of these social skills and how to get along with their peers. So That's a lot of what we see and what we deal with."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "395.53998",
      "endTime": "434.47",
      "body": "The other thing that we've talked about is the influence of mobile phones on their level of, what was the term someone used, productive struggle. Tendency to, and we've The talked about this because you and I are both doctoral students at Boise, how easy it is to just get distracted and be on your phone instead of spending hours on the stats because to me it's the equivalent of like water is going to take the easiest path. It's going to cut path but once it finds an easy route it's going to take it. And so our brains work that way where we get something hard we're immediately going to the mobile phone."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "434.47",
      "endTime": "434.71",
      "body": "Yep."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "434.71",
      "endTime": "448.275",
      "body": "And that could be you know, social media and everything else. Are you seeing that as well? Are you seeing their reliance on mobile phones as a way of like either coping or escapism, stuff like that?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "448.275",
      "endTime": "532.815",
      "body": "Yeah, so actually that was a small portion of my dissertation research, was focusing on smartphones' impact in these rural K-twelve settings. And something that we really found was that rural students rely on their smartphones a lot more than students from urban or suburban areas, and the big reason for this, especially in my area, is that they don't have any other form of internet access, and these populations I'm working with that are low income, first gen, typically their smartphone is going to be the only way they get on the internet a lot of times, because if you're low income and your family doesn't have a lot of expendable income, you are not going to pay extra for a dedicated internet connection when you have your smartphone. And so we are finding that they are getting all of their information through that, and it is really creating some disparities because there is two different internets. I mean, the internet that you access on your desktop has something like 73% more information than a mobile website just because mobile websites have to be simplified to such a greater degree. And so then it seems like it's kind of creating this feedback loop for students that are primarily using their mobile devices for internet access is that there's a little bit less tolerance for information seeking in these different platforms."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "532.815",
      "endTime": "533.695",
      "body": "I never thought about that."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "534.02",
      "endTime": "585.15497",
      "body": "Yeah, and it's really becoming kind of a profound issue. I should also note that when I talk about internet access, even students that are not low income in our rural areas may still rely on their smartphones simply because even devices like Starlink or internet providers are either prohibitively expensive to start up or they just don't work that well. I mean, we're talking like really deep valleys in some cases where signals just don't always translate. So that's something that we're seeing. Then to kind of get back to your question, those behaviors in students and with the mobile phones is that, yeah, it seems to be almost like a self soothing or coping in some cases."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "585.63495",
      "endTime": "611.325",
      "body": "I mentioned that six week college program that we do, residential program, and sometimes when students will need a break or just kind of, oh, I just want to say like shut down, almost like get overwhelmed because, and I'll tell you, it is a stressful experience. It's stressful to be away from home, and we get that. We try to make it not stressful, but it just is. I mean, it's you and I are here at this conference. It's stressful to be away from home."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "612.285",
      "endTime": "627.83",
      "body": "Living in a dorm with new people is stressful, so we get it. It's not that they're bad for doing this, but I've just seen an increase in the tendency to want to go just be alone and isolate on the phone. That's definitely something we're dealing with."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "629.39496",
      "endTime": "657.3",
      "body": "In your study, you run across any data that had to deal with hotspots of using mobile phones for hotspots? That's something we've talked about as well is that especially during the pandemic it was highlighted in the state of Ohio anyway these rural districts were using their phones as hotspots for cell phone usage, or I mean for Chromebook usage and stuff like that, too, in order to connect to those Zoom calls or Zoom meetings and stuff like that."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "657.3",
      "endTime": "708.08",
      "body": "Yeah, definitely. My study did examine this kind of rural K-twelve intersection of online education nationwide, and I think it was something like, gosh, mobile hotspots were a very common accommodation. However, I should mention that I completed my survey data in fall of 2023, so one of the things that might be a weakness of my study was that I don't know if they're still continuing to use those or if this is just something that is left over from COVID. I do know that for our program and for our use, we have one hotspot. Granted, we only have three staff, so we don't need a whole bunch of them, but, it's expensive."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "708.08",
      "endTime": "714.4",
      "body": "I mean, the recurring cost for this dedicated hotspot is $40 a month for Verizon for us."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "714.4",
      "endTime": "715.04004",
      "body": "Sure."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "716.0",
      "endTime": "749.665",
      "body": "And so I am really curious if schools are still investing in this or if they were using federal or other funds as a stop gap and if that usage is going to drop off. So I think that's something that I hope someone studies. I don't know if that's going to be me, but I hope someone examines that and sees that. But yeah, mobile hotspots were common. Then also, it was interesting that these rural schools were still using a lot of hard copies of materials for accommodations."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "749.665",
      "endTime": "776.015",
      "body": "So a lot of them were saying, of course, the ones that I'm sure everybody is familiar with is hotspots and sending home Chromebooks or whatever the devices they I would say probably between 40 to 45% of my survey respondents said, Yeah, we're just making worksheets. Dropping them off students that don't have internet connectivity at home and that's what we use."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "776.015",
      "endTime": "798.56",
      "body": "So tell me about something else we talked about in a series, the socioeconomic status as far as the differences between a suburban, urban, rural district. And there's data that says that those from a suburban district are scoring higher on tests and with access and other things versus urban rural."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "798.56",
      "endTime": "798.95996",
      "body": "Yeah."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "798.95996",
      "endTime": "805.165",
      "body": "Did you have any research in your dissertation about SES as far as rural students go in Idaho?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "805.805",
      "endTime": "861.675",
      "body": "I couldn't speak necessarily specifically to Idaho, but I would say the socioeconomics and certainly geography both play really important roles in general. As I mentioned, I looked at this general overview of online education in K-twelve rural settings, but then I also broke it down based on population poverty and then population density. So I used these designations that are created by the Department of Education. There's this program called RHEAP, it's Rural Education Achievement Program, and it governs two sub programs. So there is CRRSA, which stands for Small Rural School Achievement Program, and RLIS, which is Rural Low Income School Program."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "862.39496",
      "endTime": "886.88",
      "body": "I hope that your listeners like acronyms. Oh yes, I love. Okay. But really, so we have that CRRSA small rural schools, we have RLIS, which is rural low income, but then those actually create two more categories. We also have dual programs, which is schools that are both small and low income, and then we have schools that I just classified as none, which they're rural, but they're not small, they're not low income."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "888.77496",
      "endTime": "910.11005",
      "body": "And so I thought that those were really important distinctions because a lot of times, rurality is conceived as monolithic. But every rural area is the same in research, and that's just not true. Very small schools. One of the schools that I work with, Wallace High School, their graduating class sizes are between thirty and forty students."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "910.11005",
      "endTime": "910.59",
      "body": "Oh, wow."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "910.59",
      "endTime": "937.63",
      "body": "So this is a very small school. There are some rural schools that have 2,000 students because that's a consolidated district. So The way that those two schools work is very different. The schools that are very small often have staff consolidation issues, whereas the schools that are larger might have more dedicated staff to do specialized issues. You know, I'll try to make it in a nutshell."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "937.63",
      "endTime": "994.825",
      "body": "What I found is that these schools that had more resources, that they had either higher population or higher income, not surprising, they were using online education in more diverse ways and in more specialized ways and typically had specialized staff to run the online education programs. So they felt pretty positive about it. And of course, if you have someone to do that job and it's being done well, I think that's natural, Whereas these schools that had smaller staff, we saw a lot of consolidation of staff duties and so either admins or teachers were being asked to take on these duties as secondary roles and that may not have been their area of expertise but they just kind of had to do it. And so attitudes were significantly less positive towards online education in those schools. I think it's probably nothing groundbreaking, but it just hadn't been documented in their literature previously."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "996.32",
      "endTime": "1021.065",
      "body": "It's funny, I never considered SES as a trickle down where it really starts from the top. The district doesn't have the money to provide the facilities and the resources or the people even. They're already short strong when it comes to providing an online resource for their students. So that's interesting. I do want to pivot and talk about first gen."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1021.64",
      "endTime": "1039.7849",
      "body": "Bit. You said there's some significant crossover there between first gen and rural. I was a first gen student. We talked about this and there's things that I walked into a college classroom on a campus for the first time completely baffled by what was going on. Didn't feel prepared for it."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1040.425",
      "endTime": "1044.985",
      "body": "Share some of that data with us or insights you have on first gen students."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1045.385",
      "endTime": "1077.075",
      "body": "Yeah, so I think this is where I can get a little bit more Idaho specific. So there is quite a lot of overlap in Idaho between first gen and rural. I'm going to go down to my data points here. I did pull up... Okay, the so at the U of I, my institution, this is twenty twenty two data, I think I gave you a different number yesterday. 3% are first gen, and I think our most recent freshman class is significantly higher than that."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1077.075",
      "endTime": "1142.96",
      "body": "But essentially, the university has been tracking these enrollments since 2013, and it's nearly doubled in And that there's quite a lot of factors at play, but one of the ones that we discussed, of course, is shape of Idaho itself kind of lends and funnels a lot of students into this institution. So I mentioned when we spoke previously that you look at the Panhandle and it's 60 miles across, and that's the area that I serve. So when you take a little tiny town there, our communities are 12 miles from the border, but if you go those 12 miles over the border into Montana, suddenly you're out of state and you're paying out of state tuition or you know if you go to the other side in Washington, which is maybe 40 miles away, you're still out of state. And so, there's this kind of funnel effect that it's like, okay, well, University of Idaho funnels a lot of students from the Panhandle in just by default. And we do have some agreements with other, I should say we do have agreements with other states."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1142.96",
      "endTime": "1165.35",
      "body": "There's a program called the WUE and WAMI, and these are these Northwestern state agreements that, students can attend for in state tuition, but it's complex and it doesn't, necessarily cover every single school and every single instance, and so a lot of students simply find it easier to just stay in state instead of try to navigate this. Also because they want to stay close to home."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1165.35",
      "endTime": "1165.7499",
      "body": "Those"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1166.07",
      "endTime": "1175.365",
      "body": "all kind of contribute to it, should say. I don't know, would you want me to talk like a little bit about common first gen? Yeah, like what? Like what does a student look like?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1175.365",
      "endTime": "1194.62",
      "body": "Yeah, like do you track that data? Do you track like their first their experiences, their first year of school or maybe where they go after they graduate? Do they go back to the family and work there on the farm, I assume? Or not to be too stereotypical."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1194.7",
      "endTime": "1230.08",
      "body": "Yeah, so we're starting to track that, I'll say. I think I had touched on that, that we have the systems to track all that data. It just hasn't been asked a lot before, and so we're starting to do that, but we don't necessarily have longitudinal trends. Those of us that work in TRIO, we have a lot of this anecdotal evidence, but our sample is pretty small because we serve these small groups of students. And so I guess what I can say is that for those of us in TRIO that have been seeing this, we can talk a little bit about those trends."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1230.24",
      "endTime": "1269.105",
      "body": "And by and large, yeah, I mean, place is really important, right? I think place is really important to a lot of us. That's your home, that's where your family is, it's meaningful. And so we do find that a lot of first gen students have a desire to return home. Would say that rural first gen students have that desire to maybe a bigger degree, and so a lot of us have been shifting to kind of place based emphasis and exploration of place, but also exploration of how place intersects with careers, because I'll give you an example."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1270.305",
      "endTime": "1309.4",
      "body": "In my program that serves 65 students, every year I have three that want to be marine biologists, and I'll tell you that there are not that many openings for marine biologists in North Idaho. There might be like one that works with the fish and game, but there's certainly not enough for three every year to be added to these towns. And so sometimes I think it's a negotiation of, with these students of like, is your career exploration, and then what's your expectation of coming home to live or not because a lot of times that's at odds."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1311.0",
      "endTime": "1318.7949",
      "body": "Something that I think we see with first gen students is that there just may not be an understanding of how many careers are actually available."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1318.7949",
      "endTime": "1319.6749",
      "body": "Oh wow."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1320.7949",
      "endTime": "1350.895",
      "body": "I that a lot of, and I don't know if this is common for every student, but certainly what we see is that students are really limited to either what they see directly and observe in their communities or else what we see on television. So I mentioned marine biologists. Another really common one that we see is like someone wants to go into forensics, right? Because a lot of families love to watch those shows, those crime shows, and that's a big interest. Or a lot of times we see veterinarians and vet techs."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1351.2151",
      "endTime": "1378.715",
      "body": "Again, these are great careers, but if you want to live in a town of 900 people, it simply can't sustain that many. And so I think a big part of what we do with first gen students is really talking either about what career do you want and then where do you wanna go from there and can your town sustain that or not? Is that a realistic goal and can we look at something adjacent to that or do we need to explore some different options?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1378.7151",
      "endTime": "1386.25",
      "body": "Yeah. It's interesting because I'm thinking about my own experience coming from a rural district, being first gen."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1386.25",
      "endTime": "1386.73",
      "body": "Mhmm."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1386.73",
      "endTime": "1396.09",
      "body": "I feel like when our generation entered college, it was more of a, I want to go to college so I can move out and move away."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1396.09",
      "endTime": "1396.33",
      "body": "Yeah."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1396.905",
      "endTime": "1406.185",
      "body": "And now it seems based on what you're, I mean we're a small subset, but it seems like there are at least students who say, I wanna go get my degree, but I wanna come back."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1406.185",
      "endTime": "1475.4",
      "body": "Yeah, one of the really interesting phenomena that I read about in the literature I examined is, so Marietta and Marietta, they wrote this wonderful book that just examined rural school systems, and one of the things that they identified was some evidence for this phenomenon that they called a boomerang, where they were seeing these rural and first gen students heading out and going to college and then gaining these skills and then actually returning home. Some of this was attributed to the increasing prevalence of online jobs or remote work. So, you know, it touches on kind of an interesting concept of like, what is a place? Like, is the internet a place? And then when we're talking about place based education, are we talking about just these careers that exist physically in our communities or are we increasingly incorporating this concept of remote work and virtual places and how can we prepare students to do work in those kind of places?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1475.4801",
      "endTime": "1482.215",
      "body": "So we're at day two of ACT. What are your takeaways thus far from, I guess you're day three, I'm day two, you were here."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1482.215",
      "endTime": "1482.7749",
      "body": "I'm day three."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1482.7749",
      "endTime": "1484.0549",
      "body": "The day before I was, yeah."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1484.0549",
      "endTime": "1487.095",
      "body": "Yeah, you know, this is my first AECT."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1487.095",
      "endTime": "1488.2949",
      "body": "Oh, is? Yeah. Oh, I didn't"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1488.2949",
      "endTime": "1531.61",
      "body": "know that. Yep, first time. So I came into it expecting it to be a little bit more singularly focused on tech, and I think that we discussed earlier that there is a heavy focus on AI, but I've been pleasantly surprised at the diversity of presentations and different things that folks are touching on. There was a presentation I went to yesterday with the editors of the journals where they had mentioned they would be interested exploring an article on technology even if it was made a really compelling argument about why pencils are superior, just because of that broad of a definition of technology. That's kind of what my experience has been."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1531.61",
      "endTime": "1532.0099",
      "body": "How about you?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1532.635",
      "endTime": "1550.85",
      "body": "It's been, this is my third one. I started going when we started in the doctoral program. It's been good. There's been a lot of, I told you earlier, I'm AI ed out. I came in wanting to absorb as much as I can and I'm already at day two, you know what, I'm gonna, so I might find other things to talk about."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1550.85",
      "endTime": "1587.7299",
      "body": "Like you said, there's plenty of things like competency based is something we've talked about and online learning. There's a diverse number of topics and it's all based in research which is when I was in K-twelve, the conferences I'd go to were very practical and it was more of here's how to use extensions in Google Docs. Here's how to use the iPad in the classroom which was great but this has a totally different spin to it where it's all, here's the research I found. You may not get a direct takeaway from this, but there's something you can apply for later on, at least get you thinking"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1587.97",
      "endTime": "1590.61",
      "body": "of different processes, which I really enjoy."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1591.125",
      "endTime": "1616.95",
      "body": "Yeah. It's nice to come to a research conference because many times in TRIO world, it's often a practitioner conference. So it's, like you said, it's how to use things or different tools, tips, and techniques, those kinds of things. So seeing what people are actually doing, even though I got to tell you, I've been to at least two presentations that were so far above my head, I was like, I am"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1616.9501",
      "endTime": "1618.31",
      "body": "You just nod, uh-huh."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1618.31",
      "endTime": "1623.625",
      "body": "You just nod, and it's like, I am so glad that someone is researching this, but I picked the wrong place. This Right. Isn't for"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1624.745",
      "endTime": "1628.585",
      "body": "Does that mean we're nerds if we like this stuff, like research stuff?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1628.985",
      "endTime": "1637.37",
      "body": "I think it is. I mean, I went to the Steamboat Museum, and I thought that was a really nerdy thing to do at a conference, and then I thought I'm at the right conference."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1637.37",
      "endTime": "1638.01",
      "body": "Did you enjoy it?"
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1638.01",
      "endTime": "1638.49",
      "body": "Dr. I did."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1638.49",
      "endTime": "1639.61",
      "body": "The Steamboat Museum."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1639.61",
      "endTime": "1640.81",
      "body": "It was worth going to."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1640.81",
      "endTime": "1641.61",
      "body": "Dr. That's great."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1641.61",
      "endTime": "1641.93",
      "body": "Yeah."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1641.93",
      "endTime": "1645.5299",
      "body": "I haven't done that yet. I've been sequestered in my hotel room."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1645.69",
      "endTime": "1647.0499",
      "body": "Oh, you gotta check it out."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1647.29",
      "endTime": "1647.85",
      "body": "Dr. Okay."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Dr. Ariel Horan",
      "startTime": "1647.85",
      "endTime": "1649.77",
      "body": "If you're interested in Civil War boots."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1650.385",
      "endTime": "1659.5049",
      "body": "You're lucky because that's my next research interest after educational technologies, Civil War related wardrobe things."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1659.505",
      "endTime": "1684.1649",
      "body": "That was my interview with Doctor. Ariel Horan from University of Idaho. You can hear more about AACT and some upcoming coffee drops, as well as some blog posts on our blog at Cedarville Dot Edu Forward Slash Focus Blog. And that's gonna do it for us on this episode of the transform your teaching podcast. Be sure to like and subscribe on your favorite podcast platform."
    },
    {
      "speaker": "Jared",
      "startTime": "1684.485",
      "endTime": "1691.445",
      "body": "Connect with us on LinkedIn and fill out that survey to enter into a chance to win a handcrafted mug. Thanks for listening."
    }
  ]
}
