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Rav Eliyahu Reingold, Rosh Kollel in the Yeshiva of Greater Washington, spent many years learning in the Telshe Yeshiva and Kollel where he was recognized as one of their foremost talmidim. He taught in the Telshe Mechina before coming to the Yeshiva of Greater Washington. He is a noted Baal Halacha and Baal Mussar, serving as a well-respected posek for the Yeshiva and community. Besides his responsibility in leading the Kollel, he delivers a high level shiur to advanced students, and provides many halacha shiurim throughout the year. His heartfelt weekly mussar shmuess in an inspiration to all.
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Dosh 7 - Squeezing Fruits 4 (Klal 14 Siman 3) Hilchos Shabbos - S0369
Sponsorships for the upcoming Klalim, which discuss the 39 melachos of Shabbos, are available. Please contact Rabbi Reingold for more information at rabbireingold@gmail.com or 301.996.5910
We are continuing in siman 3, where the Chayei Adam is discussing sechita. We will begin with some background.
If a person squeezes a fruit into an empty container, it changes from fruit to liquid. (According to the first explanation, this only applies to olives and grapes; according to the second, it applies to any fruit normally squeezed [s367]. According to the Chayei Adam himself, it also applies to any fruit squeezed expressly for the purpose of its juice [s368]). As we learned, it approximates dosh in that the fruit to the liquid is akin to the kernel and husk.
Cutting a fruit in half is obviously not an issue of dosh, as we do not look at the two halves as kernel and husk but rather two halves of the food item. Following that idea, if a person squeezes from a fruit directly into another food, such that it never functions as a mashkeh, maybe it could be argued that the liquid never receives the status of mashkeh, since it never really functioned as a mashkeh on its own. Rather, it remains a food item, and is akin to cutting the fruit in half. This concept is known as mashkeh ba laochel.
The Chayei Adam writes that regarding squeezing a lemon onto fish or salad, or squeezing a fruit or vegetable onto mashed potatoes, one should be machmir and be concerned it is assur mideoraysa. The Chayei Adam is concerned for the opinion of Rabbeinu Chananel, although most rishonim disagree. The Chayei Adam continues, and writes that the Shulchan Aruch follows the majority of rishonim who are not concerned for mashkeh ba laochel, and holds it would be muttar to squeeze the liquid directly onto food. The fact that the liquid goes directly from the fruit into another food never allows it the status of being a distinct item, and therefore the act of extraction cannot be called an act of sechita. Rather, it is understood as taking a part of the fruit, as food, and injecting it into another food.
Although the Chayei Adam is machmir, we pasken in accordance with the Shulchan Aruch. Within the opinion of the Shulchan Aruch, some differentiate between different fruits. The Shulchan Aruch writes that it is even muttar to squeeze grapes or olives directly into food. However, we do not rely on the Shulchan Aruch’s leniency for grapes and olives, but only for other fruits.
The Chayei Adam is machmir on all mashkeh ba laochel. We will discuss his opinion in the upcoming shiur, be’ezras Hashem
Summary
Although the Chayei Adam is machmir on mashkeh ba laochel, we pasken that it is muttar to squeeze any item--besides grapes and olives--directly onto another food.