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Rav Eliyahu Reingold, Rosh Kollel in the Yeshiva of Greater Washington, spent many years learning in the Telshe Yeshiva and Kollel where he was recognized as one of their foremost talmidim. He taught in the Telshe Mechina before coming to the Yeshiva of Greater Washington. He is a noted Baal Halacha and Baal Mussar, serving as a well-respected posek for the Yeshiva and community. Besides his responsibility in leading the Kollel, he delivers a high level shiur to advanced students, and provides many halacha shiurim throughout the year. His heartfelt weekly mussar shmuess in an inspiration to all.
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Bishul 6 - Toldas Haohr 1 (Klal 20 Siman 2) Hilchos Shabbos - S0503
We are beginning siman 2. The Chayei Adam introduces the idea that actual aish (fire) is not necessary for the process of bishul. One may have thought that an actual fire would be required for bishul, especially as we know that the melacha in the Mishkan involved fire in order to cook the dyes. Rather, cooking even on something which has been heated by the fire, known as toldas ha’ohr, is also going to be assur mideoraysa and chayav.
The concept of toldas ha’ohr extends to the point that if one were to heat a garment over the fire and then use it to cook an egg, they would be chayav. Although we would not have assumed a garment could cook an egg, the Chayei Adam writes this example to point out that something which only requires minimal cooking to reach at least maachal ben derusai will be included within the issur of bishul. The Chayei Adam continues, and writes that hot metal or ceramic which became hot as a result of the fire will also be capable of performing bishul, and one must be careful about placing foods on them.
One of the most important applications of this idea of toldas ha’ohr is the use of a kli rishon, which we will learn more about in the upcoming siman. Halacha differentiates between the different steps of vessels used in the cooking process. A vessel which was directly on the fire is known as a kli rishon. The Yerushalmi holds that when a kli rishon is removed from the fire, even if it is still hot enough to cook, one will not be chayav for bishul, because it is not directly on the fire. The Yerushalmi understands that one is only chayav for bishul when fire is directly involved. The Bavli disagrees, and understands that even though a kli rishon no longer on the fire is considered toldas ha’ohr (rather than aish) but is still chayav mideoraysa. Thus, the Chayei Adam introduced the concept of toldas ha’ohr in order to prepare us for the concept of kli rishon, which follows in the upcoming siman.
Summary
One will be chayav for bishul even without direct fire. Even toldas ha’ohr, something heated by fire, can create a chiyuv deoraysa for bishul
This is the premise which causes one to be chayav if they cook in a kli rishon which has been removed from the fire.